Control of GI infections Flashcards
How does C diff spread
From contaminated surfaces and hands
C diff enters the body then…
multiplies in the GI tract
C diff can release toxins and leads to
Pseudomonas colitis
What are most infections in the community related to
Cross-contamination of surfaces
Undercooking
poor reheating
Improper storage of food
All local GI infections are reported to who
local Health team
Role of Environmental Health Officers
Inspect food areas, speak to patients
What is C diff a common cause of
Healthcare associated diarrhoea
In what age ranges is C diff carried as a part of normal bacterial flora
Elderly and infants
What is the mechanism of action of C diff
Produces 2 toxins
- toxin A (enterotoxin )
- toxin B (cytotoxin)
What is the source of a C diff infection
C diff is often present in small number sin the bowel
Infection occurs when antibiotics are prescribed that kill off normal competitive bowel flora and allows C diff to overgrow
Organisms produce spores that survive in the environment and are more resistant to disinfectant and can be transmitted from one patient to another
Symptoms of C diff
Diarrhoea, sometimes bloody and abdo pain
What can severe cases of C diff progress to
pseudomembranous colitis
What is the management of C Diff
Less severe = oral metronidazole
More severe = oral vancomycin
How is C diff prevented
Avoid the 4 C’s
Use narrow spectrum antibiotics
How to test for C diff
No good test
Screen for GDH
If GDH positive, test for presence of toxin
