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GI > Benign Colonic Conditions > Flashcards

Benign Colonic Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is diverticular disease

A

Mucosal herniation through muscle coast

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2
Q

In the western world where does diverticular disease most commonly effect

A

Sigmoid colon

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3
Q

What is a cause of diverticular disease

A

Low fibre intake

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4
Q

Diverticulosis vs divertoculitis

A

Diverticulosis - outpouchings

Diverticulitis - inflammation of outpouchings

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5
Q

How is diverticular disease dignosed

A

Clinical
Barium enema
Sigmoidoscopy

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6
Q

What are clinical features of diverticular diseases

A

LIF pain/ tendereness
Septic
Altered bowel habbits

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7
Q

Complications of diverticular disease

A 
Pericoloc abscess
perforation
harmorrhage
Fistula
Stricture
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8
Q

What classification is used for diverticular disease

A

Hinchey classification for acute

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9
Q

Complex Diverticulitis procedures

A

Percutaneous drainage
Hartmann’s procedure
laprascopic lavage and drainage
primary resection/ anastamosis

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10
Q

Causes of colitis

A

Crohn’s colitis
Ulcerative colitis
ischaemic colitis
Infective colitis

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11
Q

Symptoms of acute and chronic colitis

A 
Diarrhoea +/- blood
Abdo cramps
Dehydration
Sepsis
Wt loss, anaemia
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12
Q

Diagnosis of acute and chronic colitis

A

Plain X- Rau
Sigmoidoscopy + biopsy
Stool cultures
barium enema

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13
Q

Treatment of UC/ Crohn’s

A

IV fluids
GI rest
Iv steroids - once infection/ ischaemic causes are ruled out

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14
Q

If UC/ Crohn’s fails to settle what do you do

A

Rescue therapy

Surgery

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15
Q

Who is effected by ischaemic colitis

A

Eldery

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16
Q

What is the pathophysiology of ischaemic colitis

A

Acute or chronic occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery

Arteriopaths

17
Q

What is colonic angiodysplasia

A

Malformed dilated intestinal blood vessels on the mucosa and submucosa

18
Q

How do you diagnose colonic angiodysplasua

A

Angiography

Colonoscopy

19
Q

How do you treat colonic angiodysplasia

A

Embolisation
Endoscopic ablation
Surgical resection

20
Q

What are the causes of large. bowel obstriction

A

Volvulus
Colorectal cancer
benign stricture

21
Q

treatment of large bowel obstruction

A

Resuscitate
Stenting
Operation

22
Q

What is a sigmoid volvulus

A

Bowel twists on mesentery

May become gangrenous

23
Q

How do you diagnose sigmoid volbulus

A

Plain X ray abdo

Rectal contrast

24
Q

How do you treat sigmoid volvulus

A

Flatus tube

Surgery

25
Q

What is a pseudo obstruction

A

Not a real obstruction but can cause hypoxia in the elderly

26
Q

How do you treat most chronic constipations

A

Dietary and laxatives

27
Q

What are some causes of chronic constipation

A

Motility disorders

28
Q

How do you treat faecal impaction

A

Strong analgesics
eNemas
Laxatives
Manual evacuations

GI (25 decks)

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