Control of Flowering Flashcards
Name the types of genes responsible for regulating floral organ identity.
meristem identity genes
floral organ identity genes
cadastral genes
encode transcription factors that are necessary for the initial induction of organ identity
meristem identity genes
meristem identity genes must be active for – at the shoot to become a floral meristem
immature primordia
meristem identity genes must be active for – at apical meristem to become a floral meristem
inflorescence
encode transcription factors that directly control floral identity
floral organ identity genes
floral organ identity genes are – that act as major developmental switches that activate the genetic program for a particular structure
Homeotic genes
encode transcription factors that act as spatial regulators of the floral organ identity genes by setting boundaries for their expression
cadastral genes
Ability of an organism to detect day length, to allow an event to occur at a particular time of year
photoperiodism
Treatment of a – of a SDP with short photoperiod is enough to trigger flowering in that plant
single leaf
Process whereby flowering is promoted by a cold treatment given to a fully hydrated seed or to a growing plant
vernalization
Transmissible floral stimulus that is self-propagating
florigen
site of perception of the photoperiodic signal
leaf
Giving a plant a short flash of light (i.e. a “night break) during a long night cancels the effect of the long-night and disrupts flowering in –
SDPs
Giving a plant a short flash of light (i.e. a “night break) during a long night cancels the effect of the long-night and triggers flowering in –
LDPs
controls 1st and 2nd whorls
A
controls 2nd and 3rd whorls
B
controls 3rd and 4th whorls
C
loss of A
carpels instead of sepals in 1st whorl and stamens instead of petals in 2nd whorl
loss of B
sepals instead of petals in 2nd whorl and carpels instead of stamens in 3rd whorl
loss of C
petals instead of stamens in 3rd whorl and new flower instead of carpels in 4th whorl
loss of A, B, C
pseudoflower
Knocking out class E genes →
leaves in all whorls
– produces petals in all whorls
ectopic expression
day length exceeds a critical day length –> flowering in
LDPs
day length is less than a critical day length
–> flowering in
SDPs
plants differ considerably in the – at which they become sensitive to vernalization
age
winter annuals respond to low temp – in life cycle
early
effective temp range for vernalization is from just below freezing to –
10 degrees C
verbalization takes place in
shoot apical meristem
vernalization linked to
photoperiod requirement
vernalization involves – in gene expression
epigenetic changes
epigenetic changes in gene expression that can be passed on through – w/o change in DNA sequence
mitosis
florigen is self-propagating given a induced shoot can stimulate flowering in –
repeated grafts
