Contraception Mestad Flashcards
List the most effective contraceptive methods; very effective; moderately effective; effective
Male/Female sterilization, IUD/IUS, implants;
pills, injectables, patch, ring;
male/female condom, sponge, diaphragm;
fertility, awareness, cervical cap, spermicide
Example of male sterilization?
Vasectomy
Example of female sterilization?
Tubal occlusion (traditional with ligating and blocking with clips or rings) and newer tubal occlusion
What is LNG-IUD?
Progestin-only (levonorgestrel intrauterine system) that is approved for heavy menstrual bleeding and will thicken cervical mucus and inhibit sperm motility and function
The copper T IUD?
small T-shaped device that prevents capacitation, approved for 10 years’ use
What is implanon/nexplanon?
Subdermal contraceptive implant that has etonogestrol (no estrogen and inhibits ovulation, but could see bleeding irregularities)
Now with the most effectives, how do combined oral contraceptives work?
Suppress FSH and LH; reduce dysmenorrhea and menstrual flow, reduce risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer; reduced benign breast disease, reduced acne, decreased ectopic pregnancy
What are “mini-pills?”
Progestin-only pills for women who can’t use estrogen (suppress ovulation and the midcycle gonadotropin peaks, altering the cervical mucus, endometrium and fallopian tubes)
What is depo-provera?
DMPA (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate) injected intramuscularly that prevents ovulation and reduces ovarian production of estradiol; reduces risk of endometrial cancer and the number of and severity of crises in people with sickle cell
Transdermal patches have combined ____ and _____; example is Ortho evra
estrogen, progestin; same mech as COC’s
vaginal contraceptive ring: how is its mechanism of action?
estrogen and progestin; flexible, transparent, and nearly colorless, no fitting required.
What is a diaphragm used in conjuction with?
Spermicide
What are the final three effective forms of contraception?
Fertility awareness: best if couple is compliant and woman has regular cycle, cervical cap (best for nulliparous women), and spermicides (used alone or in combo with barrier methods)
What’s the idea behind quick start?
Improving hormonal contraceptive initiation, where you start contraceptive in presence of clinician or on the day of visit (IUD is the only method that would affect a current pregnancy)
