Contemporary Study Burger 2009 Flashcards
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
Aim
To replicate milgram’s study in an ethical way
to investigate if there are different levels obedience between milligrams baseline study in 1963 and this in 2009
To investigate if observing somebody else who refuses to obey influences obedience
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
low generalisability (ethnocentric)
Burgers 2009 study has low generalizability this is due to the sample of 29 males and 41 females aged between 20 to 81 all being from the USA
therefore similar to Milgram’s study, burger’s study is also ethnocentric and so the results that: obedience to authority figures orders is still effective in 2009 (70% shock to 150v is condition 1 (no confederate teachers) 63.3% shocjed to 150v in condition 2 (1 confederate teacher) cannot be applied to other cultures therefore giving the study low generalizability
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
high test retest reliability
The study is high test retest reliability due to before the study participants were screened to see if they had any prior knowledge of psychology or milgram’s study
And signed a consent form that said that they may be videoed and they may withdraw at any time
Similarly to milligrams original study
The teacher and the Confederate learner picked roles from Paper out of the box (both of which were teacher so the ppts was always the teacher)
The Confederate learner was strapped into a chair where he stated he had a heart condition
The shock generator was only labeled up to 150v
Word pairs were read out to be memorized and then the learner was tested on them and had to find the correct word pair out of a given list of four words
Each time the learner got a word pair wrong the teacher stated the voltage and shocked the participants then increase the voltage by 15 V and the voltage went up to 150v by the end of the study
If a participant refused to continue the first of four prompts was given by the experimenter and if they still refused the rest of the prompts were given in order the prompts are as followed:
Please continue please go on
it is absolutely essential that you continue
the experiment requires that you continue
you have no other choice you must go on
Once all four of the prompt had been said and the participants still refuses the experiment ends
This was also done for another condition with a confederate teacher that drops out at 90v
and then they start over and the ppt begins
Dude having this standardized procedure the study has a high test retest reliability
This is mainly due to the fact that it is a slightly modified version of milligram’s 1963 original study that has been replicated many times by milligram’s variation experiments
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
low mundane realism (shock ppl ≠ real life)
The city has low mundane realism as it is extremely unlikely that in a real-life situation the task of shocking a learner each time they get a question wrong on a test
And shocking people in general
Would occur
This may mean that the results of the study that people obey authority figures in modern times (condition 1: 70% shock up to 150v) can be generalized to real life giving this study low mundane realism
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
Ethical (2 questionaires +semi-stuctured interviews + concent form)
This studies highly ethical due to before the study takes place participants are screened by using a questionnaire and a semi-structed interview twice
the first time is for any previous psychological knowledge on milligrams study and to make sure participants haven’t got any medical conditions or psychiatric disorders that may lead to their own physical and psychological halm during the study
The second screening with questionnaires and semi-structed interviews with a clinical psychologist and this was to screen out anyone who may have a negative reaction to the study due to their mental health
Participants also signed a consent form confirming their right to withdraw and their consent that they may be video by hidden video cameras during the experiment
These procedures and precautions ensure that there will be a limited psychological impact on participants and confirming their rights withdraw and privacy
This means that burger 2009 is a highly ethical study
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
conclusion and application(hire all gender)
In conclusion burger found that milligrams study could be replicated ethically and the same results will be found in modern times
(condition 1 70% shocked up to 150v, condition 2: 63.3% shocked up to 150v)
Burger also found that having a confederate teacher that drops out at 90v makes the participants more willing to refuse to continue as they have seen the consequences are not dire
Burger also found that there were no gender differences in the results [this is similar to milgram’s variation 8 in which he also found no gender difference between that study with women and his original study with only men both with 65% of ppts shocking to 450v]
Aplication: this study can be applied to real life situations such as employers searching for employees in professions that require high levels of obedience for example a surgeon as they have a wider range of people they can hire due to their being no gender differences in obedience
Contemporary Study Burger 2009
order
Aim ( replicate milgrams study ethically and modern times and to see if a confederate teacher effects obedience)
- generalisability (ethnocentric)
+test retest reliability (papers, wordlists wrong say +shock +15v to max 150v + 4 prompts + confederate teacher drop out 90v)
-mundane realism (no shock irl)
ethics (procortians and screening)
conclusion (yes modern + confederates +ethical + no gender differences)
aplication (hire gender)
