Constipation Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of constipation
A
Infrequent or irregular passage of unduly hard stools
2
Q
Definition of fecal loading
A
Ineffective and incomplete evacuation of stools resulting in build up
3
Q
Definition of encopresis
A
Apparently wilful passage of normal consistency stool into underclothes
4
Q
Definition of soiling
A
Involuntary leakage of small amounts of soft or watery stool secondary to faecal loading and rectal distention
5
Q
Causes of functional constipation
A
- dietetic
- behavioural
- psychogenic
- malfunctions of bowel, muscle or sphincter
6
Q
Causes of organic constipation
A
- demonstrable pathology
- developmental anomalies
- mechanical impediments
- metabolic disturbances
7
Q
Causes of constipation in a newborn
A
- intestinal obstruction (atresias)
- CF
- Hirschsprung’s disease
8
Q
Causes of constipation in early infancy
A
- misdiagnosis of normal infrequent breastfeeding stools
- hypothyroidism
- Hirschsprung’s disease
- mental retardation
- dehydration
- anal fissure
9
Q
Causes of constipation in toddler
A
- toilet training stage
- transient constipation
- acute constipation
- mental handicap
10
Q
Causes of constipation in a school-going child
A
- change in environment/privacy
- side effects of medication
- earlier causes not well managed
- inactivity
11
Q
Presentation of constipation
A
- male predominance
- soiling
- abdo pain
- abdo distension
- anal fissure
- UTI
12
Q
Management of constipation
A
- defining
- explaining
- clearing
- training
- maintaining
- weaning
- prevention
