Bleeding disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Important history questions when confronted with a potential bleeding disorder
A
- is the child a bleeder?
- what type of bleeding is it?
- how severe is the disorder?
- is it inherited?
2
Q
How do you know if the child is a bleeder?
A
- bruises at abnormal sites
- any spontaneous bleeding
- bleeding disproportionate to the degree of trauma
- prolonged bleeding from cuts
- haemorrhage following dental extraction/surgery
3
Q
Factors that promote normal haemostasis
A
- vascular contraction
- platelet aggregation
- coagulation of blood
4
Q
When does foetal blood start to clot?
A
11 weeks
5
Q
How does a thrombocytopenia present:?
A
- epistaxis
- mucus membranes
- petechiae
- small bruises
- GIT
- menorrhagia
6
Q
How do coagulation defects present?
A
- deep seated haematomas
- haemarthrosis
- renal
7
Q
Definition of purpura
A
- bleeding into skin or mucous membranes
8
Q
Types of purpura
A
- thrombocytopaenic purpura
- vascular purpura (non-thrombocytopaenic)
9
Q
Examples of X-linked bleeding disorders
A
- haemophilia A and B
- Wiskott Aldrich syndrome
10
Q
Examples of autosomal dominant bleeding disorders
A
- von Willebrand disease
- Factor XI deficiency
11
Q
Examples of autosomal recessive bleeding disorders
A
- other factos deficiencies
- platelet function disorders
12
Q
Screening tests for bleeding disorders
A
- platelet count
- INR
- PTT
- bleeding time
13
Q
Causes of thrombocytopaenia
A
- diminished production
- peripheral consumption
- platelet sequestration
- ineffective thrombopoeisis
14
Q
Congenital disoders of platelet function
A
- thrombasthaenia
- storage pool disease
- abnormal release mechanism
- Bernard-Soulier syndrome
15
Q
Acquired disorders causing defective platelet funciton
A
- scurvy
- uraemia
- drugs
- collagen disorders
- MDS and leukaemia
- hypothyroidism
- viral infections
