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CS2480 > Constantine > Flashcards

Constantine Flashcards

1
Q

Who were elevated to imperial power after the retirement of Diocletian and Maximian?

A

Maximinus Daia (Galerius’ nephew) and Severus.

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2
Q

Which two figures usurped power after the elevation of Severus and Maximinus Daia?

A

Constantine and Maxentius.

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3
Q

What significant event occurred at the Conference of Carnuntum?

A

Diocletian came out of retirement to meet with Maximian and Galerius.

Licinius was named Augustus of the West.

Constantine was relegated to Caesar in the West.

Maximinus Daia and Galerius ruled in the East.

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4
Q

What happened to Maximian after the 308 conference?

A

He attempted to usurp power from his son Maxentius, failed, and later committed suicide in 310 CE after trying to overthrow Constantine.

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5
Q

What was Maximinus Daia’s religious policy?

A

Rebuilt temples and shrines.

Appointed priests and high priests for pagan worship.

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6
Q

What led to tensions between Constantine and Licinius?

A

Both had ambitions to rule alone and family conflicts

Licinius removed Constantine’s statues in the East.

Religious differences, with Licinius accused of secretly persecuting Christians.

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7
Q

What was the result of the wars between Constantine and Licinius?

A

Constantine defeated Licinius in 324 CE.

Licinius executed, leaving Constantine as sole emperor

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8
Q

What religious experiments did Constantine use for legitimacy before his conversion?

A

He associated himself with Sol Invictus (Apollo) on coins

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9
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of the Milvian Bridge?

A

Defeat of Maxentius, who drowned in the Tiber River.

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10
Q

What sign did Constantine claim to have seen before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge?

A

A vision of the Christian God and a heavenly sign (Chi-Rho) to paint on his soldiers’ shields.

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11
Q

Who were the three contenders for the Roman throne following Maxentius’ death?

A

Constantine, Maximus Daia, and Licinius.

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12
Q

What did Constantine and Licinius do to solidify their alliance?

A

Licinius married Constantine’s half-sister, Constanta.

work tgt against Maximus Daia

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13
Q

What was the purpose of the Edict of Milan?

A

Pledged to return all the property and make
restitutions to christians who had been affected by
the great persecution

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14
Q

What happens after Licinius defeats Maximus Daia in the Battle of Adrianople?

A

Maximus Daia Fled to east and commits suicides

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15
Q

Which two Roman leaders remained after Maximus Daia’s defeat?

A

Constantine and Licinius.

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16
Q

What was the Edict of Milan issued by Constantine and Licinius?

A

Return of property (without repayment) to the Christians

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17
Q

After the defeat of Maximus Daia, what did Constantine and Licinius do to the Roman Empire?

A

Divide Roman Empire in half

Ruled equally

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18
Q

What led to tensions between Constantine and Licinius?

A

Both had ambitions to rule alone

Birth of Licinius’ son

Constantine established a dynasty of his own

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19
Q

How is Constantine credited in the context of Christianity?

A

First Christian Roman Emperor, ending the persecution of Christians and promoting the church’s rise.

20
Q

What was the Arian controversy?

A

Disagreement on whether Christ was a created being or of the same essence as God.

21
Q

What was the Nicene Creed?

A

A declaration of faith that affirmed the belief in Jesus Christ as being of the same essence as God.

22
Q

How did Constantine’s views on religious tolerance change over time?

A

Tolerant of other Religions

Adopted Harsher approaches to pagans

Last years of life was actively persecuting pagans

23
Q

How did Constantine strengthen the relationship between the state and the church?

A

Gave bishops authority to rule civil cases, increased church privileges, and returned confiscated Christian property.

24
Q

Which significant city did Constantine build to replace Rome as his imperial base?

A

Constantinople.

25
Q

What architectural projects did Constantine oversee in Rome?

A

Basilica of St. Peter

Baths of Constantine

Arch of Constantine

26
Q

What does the Arch of Constantine commemorate?

A

Constantine’s victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.

27
Q

How did the Arch of Constantine highlight the importance of Rome?

A

It reused parts of older monuments, showing respect for Rome’s history.

used old material (spolia)

28
Q

What does the inscription on the Arch of Constantine say?

A

Constantine’s victory was inspired by divinity, but not specifically Christianity.

29
Q

Why are there no Christian symbols on the Arch of Constantine?

A

Constantine was easing into Christianity and still honoring traditional Roman gods.

30
Q

What is the Basilica of Maxentius or Constantine?

A

A massive building in the Roman Forum started by Maxentius, finished by Constantine.

Shows dedication to city of forum from both emperors

associating with traditional capital of Rome

31
Q

What was the Colossus of Constantine?

A

A giant statue showing Constantine’s power and victory.

32
Q

How were the Baths of Constantine different from earlier baths?

A

Smaller and simpler due to limited resources but still honored Rome’s traditions.

Shows Constantine competing and associating with emperors before him

33
Q

What did Constantine do with the Temple of Romulus?

A

He repurposed it to erase Maxentius’s memory.

34
Q

What was Constantine’s St. Peter’s Basilica?

A

A Christian church built after his victory over Maxentius.

35
Q

What city did Constantine build as a new capital?

A

Constantinople, modeled after Rome but in the east.

36
Q

How was Constantinople like Rome?

A

It had a senate, palace, baths, and a central forum, just like Rome.

37
Q

What was the name of Constantinople before? Why was it changed?

A

Once called Byzantium

In commemoration of his splendid victory Constantine called Byzantium
Constantinople after his own name

38
Q

What pagan and Christian elements were in early Constantinople?

A

Pagan monuments were displayed, but sacrifices were banned as Christianity grew.

39
Q

What was the Column of Constantine?

A

A pillar with decorations from Rome, topped with his statue.

40
Q

What was special about Constantine’s Mausoleum?

A

It honored him as the 13th apostle and blended pagan and Christian traditions.

41
Q

How did Constantine use architecture for his legacy?

A

His buildings showed power, tied him to Rome, and marked his shift to Christianity.

42
Q

What does Constantine’s burial say about his beliefs?

A

He was baptized as a Christian but honored like a pagan emperor.

43
Q

How did Constantine die?

A

Died after short illness and baptism by Eusebius

44
Q

How was Constantine buried?

A

Entered into his mausoleum now referred to as Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople

45
Q
A

CS2480 (12 decks)

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