Consolidation

Question 1

What is wallerian degeneration?

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Question 7

What is the internal capsule?

Answer 7

The internal capsule is a collection of afferent and efferent fibers connecting to the cerebral cortex and the brainstem

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MEDIAL MEDULLARY SYNDROME

• Spastic left hemiparesis - damage to right pyramid (right cortex –> right pyramid –> crosses to left in pyramidal decussation –> results in left hemiparesis)
• Loss of left position and vibration –> dorsal column (info from left body crosses in lower medulla, lesion is above this so loss of right medial lemniscus)
• Right deviation and atrophic tongue –> damage to hypoglossal nerve and tongue deviates toward lesion

Question 18

Damage to which artery in the brain causes medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 18

Anterior spinal

Question 19

What are the signs/symptoms of medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 19

Hemiparesis (lose pyramid)

Lose position/vibration/fine touch (medial lemniscus)

Tongue deviation and atrophy (hypoglossal nucleus)

Question 20

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Question 24

What are the sign’s and symptoms of weber’s syndrome?

Answer 24

CN3 Palsy (damage to oculomotor and edinger-westphal nuclei in midbrain)

Hemiparesis (opposite side as CN 3 palsy) (partial damage to pyramid in midbrain)

Question 25

Weber syndrome results from a stroke in which artery in the brain?

Answer 25

Posterior cerebral artery

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Question 32

Describe how information travels from the corticospinal and cortiocbulbar pathways to the cerebellum and then back up to the thalamus.

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Question 34

Movement of what areas of the body are impacted by the corresponding areas of the cerebellum?

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Question 36

What is internuclear opthalmoplegia?

Answer 36

Damage to MLF disrupts horizontal gaze and nystagmus. The abducens nucleus is unable to communicate with the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei.