Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Connective Tissue – General/Blood > Flashcards

Connective Tissue – General/Blood Flashcards

1
Q

General characteristics of connective tissues

A

Few cells, large amounts of extracellular matrix, provides structural support, stores metabolites, defense/protection of the body (immunity, inflammatory, allergic reactions), repairs other tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Collagen characteristics

A

Most abundant protein in the body; flexible/tensile strength; produced by fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Collagen type I

A

Can form collagen bundles; found in [dermis, tendons, ligaments, fascia, bone, most connective tissue]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Collagen type II

A

found in cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Collagen type III

A

Assemble into reticular fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Collagen types IV

A

Sheet like mesh-work that is found in the basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Reticular fibers

A

Made of type III collagen, cross-link to form reticular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Elastic fibers

A

Made of elastin and fibrillin, responds to stretch/distention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Elastin

A

hydrophobic domain, cross-linked by covalent bonds, fibers have variable lengths OR lamellar layers (like in blood vessels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fibrillin

A

Thin microfibrils that surrounds developing elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hyaluronic acids

A

Do not attach to protein cores to form proteoglycans, but will attach to existing proteoglycans to create a hydrophilic aggregate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Role of proteoglycans

A

Forms aggregates with hyaluronic acids to create a “gel” that resists compression without losing compressibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Multiadhesive glycoproteins

A

Cross-links collagen, ECM, and cells; stabilizes/binds ECM to transmembrane integrins; BINDING SITES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 types of multiadhesive glycoproteins

A

Fibronectin and Laminin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fibronectin

A

Most abundant glycoprotein, contains binding sites for ECM molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Laminin

A

Present in the basal membrane, contains binding sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of resident cells

A

Fibroblasts, Adipocytes, Macrophages, Mast Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Principle type of resident cell, produce components of the ECM, Types: active, inactive, myofibroblasts, mesenchymal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Active fibroblasts

A

Abundant cytoplasm/RER/Golgi and has euchromatic nucleoli, commonly in loose connective tissue

20
Q

Inactive fibroblasts

A

Limited cytoplasm, heterochromatic, common in dense connective tissue

21
Q

Myofibroblasts

A

Have the ability to contract, are commonly found in wound sites

22
Q

Mesenchymal fibroblasts

A

present in embryonic connective tissue, give rise to many types of connective tissue

23
Q

Adipocytes

A

Store energy as fat, produce hormones; Types: unilocular, multilocular

24
Q

Unilocular adipocytes

A

Most common type, forms white adipose tissue, usually large lipid droplet with a flattened nucleus

25
Q

Mulitlocular adipocytes

A

Rare in adults, multiple fat droplets and a large amount of mitochondria, generates heat, aka brown adipose tissue

26
Q

Macrophages

A

Phagocytic cells derived from monocytes, have a kidney-shaped nucleus – functions: phagocytosis of bacteria/senescent cells/cell debris, presents antigens to immune cells, produces cytokines to active the immune system

27
Q

Mast cells structure

A

Largest cells in connective tissue, oval w/ centrally placed nucleus, many big basophilic granules, surface contains IgE receptors

28
Q

Mast Cell Functions

A

Mediates Inflammatory/hypersensitivity reactions: activates during first exposure to antigen, IgE activation causes degranulation of mast cells

29
Q

Effects of histamines

A

Vasodilation, increase in vascular permeability, bronchoconstriction, increase in mucous production

30
Q

Types of transient cells

A

Plasma cells, Leukocytes

31
Q

Plasma cells

A

Antibody producing cells derived from B-lymphocytes, most numerous in areas of inflammation, have a “clock-face” pattern

32
Q

Types of Leukocytes

A

aka WBCs, Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils [Everyone’s Blood Needs More Leukocytes]

33
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Round, dark heterochromatic

Produce antibodies/regulate immune response

34
Q

Monocytes

A

Kidney shaped nucleus (is a macrophage when enters tissue), phagocytic cell

35
Q

Neutrophils

A

phagocytes for bacteria

elongated, segmented, multi-lobed nucleus

36
Q

Eosinophils

A

React to parasitic infections

Intense staining granules and bi-lobed nucleus

37
Q

Basophils

A

Rare cells that are involved with allergic response

Bi-lobed nucleus and basophilic granules

38
Q

Embryonic connective tissue

A

Mesenchyme and Mucous connective tissue

39
Q

Mesenchyme tissue

A

Forms a 3D network, abundant in ground substance, but has few collagen/reticular fibers

40
Q

Mucous connective tissue

A

Found only in umbilical cord (aka Wharton’s jelly)

large amounts of hyaluronic acid

41
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Highly cellular, thin/relatively sparse collagen type I fibers, abundant ground substance, large amounts of transient cells, acts as a filter tissue

42
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

Lots of collagen type I fibers, little ground substance

43
Q

Dense regular connective tissue

A

Densely packed collagen bundles, oriented in the same direction, have many inactive fibroblasts

44
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue

A

Collagen bundles are in different directions, fibroblast are mostly inactive, resists stress in all direction

45
Q

Specialized connective tissue

A

Adipose, reticular, cartilage, bone

46
Q

Reticular tissue

A

loose connective tissue found in the stroma of organs

Has thin, branching, interconnected threads

Histology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions