Connective Tissue Flashcards
1
Q
Function of Connective tissue
A
- supports, binds, protects tissues and organs
2
Q
Connective tissue found in:
A
- bone
- tendons
- fat
3
Q
Adipose cells
A
- store energy in form of fat
- insulates body
4
Q
Features of connective tissue
A
- dispersed in extracellular matrix
- contain ground substance, specialized cells, and fibers
5
Q
Ground substance
A
- varies from fluid to gel to mineralized matrix
6
Q
Connective tissue proper
A
- has loose and dense connective tissue
- both contain these cells:
- mesenchymal cells
- fibroblasts
- adipocytes
- macrophages
- lymphocytes
- mast cells
- both contain protein fibers:
- collagen
- elastic
- reticular
7
Q
Dense connective tissue
A
- reinforced w/ lots of fiber which provides tensile strength, elasticity, and protection
- contains more collagen fibers than loose
- better resistance to stretching
8
Q
why are connective tissues considered “proper”
A
- contain all three connective tissue characteristics and least deviation
- dispersed cells in matrix
- more extracellular materials than cells
- extensive amounts of protein fibers
9
Q
Loose Connective tissue
A
- found btwn many organs
- absorbs shock
- binds tissue together
- allows water, salts, and nutrients to diffuse through cells and tissues
10
Q
Types of loose connective tissue
A
- Areolar loose connective tissue proper
- Adipose loose connective tissue proper
11
Q
Areolar Loose Connective Tissue Proper
A
- little specialization
- most common in connective tissue
- gel-like matrix
- contains all cell types and fibers
- random, weblike fashion
12
Q
Function of Areolar Connective tissue
A
- fills spaces btwn muscle fibers
- surrounds blood vessels and lymph vessels
- supports organs in abdominal cavity
- supports the most epithelial tissues (basement membrane)
13
Q
Adipose Loose Connective Tissue Proper
A
- consists of adipocytes (fat storage)
- little extracellular matrix
- Relates to White Adipose tissue
- found in capillaries
14
Q
adipocytes
A
- fat storage cells
- collect fat in vacuoles
15
Q
White Adipose Tissue
A
- Most common
- looks yellow bcos of carotene and other pigments
- contributes to lipid storage
- serves as insulation
- found protecting kidneys
- cushions back of the eye
- found in dermis, in subcutaneous layer
16
Q
types of dense connective tissue
A
- dense regular connective tissue proper
- dense irregular connective tissue proper
17
Q
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
A
- contains fibroblasts and collagen fibers that run parallel to each other
- enhances tensile strength and resistance to stretching
- make up tendons and ligaments
- some have elastin fibers: allows ligaments to return to original length
18
Q
Supportive connective tissue
A
- include bone and cartilage
- provide structure, strength and protection
- contain some cells and fibers
- maintain posture
19
Q
Bone
A
- Matrix is rigid and “calcified”
- hardest connective tissue
- contains mostly collagen
- highly vascularized: recover from injuries faster
- contain osteocytes
20
Q
Cartilage
A
- firm matrix produced by chondroblasts
- embedded in matrix are chondrocytes, in space called lacunae
- dense irregular tissue (perichondrium) surround cartilage
- avascular: nutrients need to diffuse into matrix
- slow healing
21
Q
Types of Cartilage
A
- hyaline cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic Cartilage
22
Q
Hyaline Cartilage
A
- most common cartilage
- short, dispersed collagen fibers
- appear clear under microscope
- surface is smooth
- found in ribcage and nose
- makes up template of embryonic skeleton and epiphyseal plate
23
Q
Function of hyaline cartilage
A
- provides support
- some flexibility
- covers bones to form moveable joints
24
Q
Fibrocartilage
A
- tough bcos it contains thick bundles of collagen fibers
- found in knee joint, pubic symphysis, and intervertebral discs
25
Function of fibrocartilage
- provides some compressibility
| - absorb pressure
26
Elastic Cartilage
- contains elastin and collagen fibers
| - found in external ear (epiglottis)
27
Functions of Elastic Cartilage
- provides firm but elastic support
| - cartilage can return to its original shape
28
Function of bone
- provides protection
- supports body
- stores calcium
- provides scaffolding and lever systems for movement
29
Types of bone
- compact: denser, stronger
| - spongy: lighter, supportive
30
Fluid Connective tissue
- Lymph and blood
| - watery matric w/ salts, nutrients, and dissolved proteins
31
Blood
- contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
- contribute to transportation of materials
- contributes to bodys ability to repond to injury
32
Lymph
- liquid matrix and leukocytes
- drains into blood vessels to deliver molecules to blood
- includes absorbed fats
33
collagen fibers
- provides support
| - tensile strength
34
elastic fibers
- thin
- contains elastin
- to stretch and recoil
35
reticular fibers
- short, fine
- made of different types of collagen
- connects to other fibers
- surrounds blood vessels
- supports tissue of organs
- found where connective tissue is next to other tissues
36
immature cells
- all the cells that end in “- blast”
- miotic
- secrete the ground substance and matrix
37
mature cells
- cells that end in “- cyte”
| - maintain matrix health
38
Chondrocytes
- in cartilage
- mature
- small groups in lacunae
39
chondroblasts
- in cartilage
- immature
- produce new matrix until skeleton stops forming
40
fibroblasts
- in connective tissues
- maintains matrix
- synthesizes collagen
41
Osteocytes
- in bone
- in lacunae within matrix
- mature
42
osteoblast
- in bone
- immature
- organic part of matrix
