Cell Division Flashcards
1
Q
Interphase
A
- cell is not dividing
- prepares for cell division
- Has G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and G0 phase
2
Q
G1 Phase
A
- part of interphase
- growth phase
3
Q
S Phase
A
- part of interphase
- Synthesis phase
- cell replicates its DNA, amount doubles
- two copies of each chromosome (92 chromatids)
- 8-10 hours
4
Q
G2 Phase
A
- part of interphase
- growth
- makes preparations for division
- 5 hrs
5
Q
G0 phase
A
- part of interphase
- cells stop dividing and resting
- resting phase
6
Q
sister chromatid
A
- a copy of a chromosome
- bound to other chromosome by centromere
7
Q
Centromere
A
- connect two sister chromatids
8
Q
Mitotic phase
A
- 1 to 2 hrs
- 4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- contents of nucleus are pulled apart and distributed btwn the halves
9
Q
Prophase
A
- chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes
- nucleolus disappears
- centrosomes start to move to opposite sides of cell, microtubules start to extend out (mitotic spindle)
10
Q
late prophase
A
- aka “prometaphase”
- nuclear membrane disintegrated
- microtubules attach to centromeres
11
Q
Metaphase
A
- second stage of mitosis
- sister chromatids line up along linear plane in middle of cell
- metaphase plate forms btwn centrosomes
- mircotubules poised to pull apart sister chromatids, and pull each pair to side of cell
12
Q
Anaphase
A
- third phase of mitosis
- pairs of sister chromatids are separated
- individual chromosomes form
- each cell receives one part of each sister chromatids
13
Q
Telophase
A
- last stage of mitosis
- formation of two new nuclei
- chromosomes turn back into chromatin
- Nucleoli reappear
- mitotic spindle breaks apart
- cell starting to split
14
Q
cytokenesis
A
- cleavage furrow separates the cell
- two cells made
- one stem cell
- one functional cell
15
Q
cleavage furrow
A
- contractile band
- made up of microfilaments
- forms around midline of cell
- squeezes cell apart
