Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
Appendicular Skeleton
- bones of upper and lower limbs
- bones that attach limbs to axial skeleton
Groups of appendicular skeleton
- bones located within limbs
- girdle bones: pelvic and pectoral
bones part of the pectoral girdle
- scapula (shoulder blade)
- clavicle (collarbone)
Define pectoral girdle
- bones that attach each upper limb to axial skeleton
- act as attachment sites for muscles
- can operate independently
role of scapula
anchor upper limb
What are the three regions of the upper limb?
- arm
- forearm
- hand
what bone makes up the arm?
humerus
which bones make up the forearm?
- ulna
- radius
which bones make up the hand?
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges (phalanx)
Which bones make up the pelvic girdle?
paired coxal bones (hip bones)
which bones make up the bony pelvis?
- coxal bones (appendicular)
- sacrum (axial)
- coccyx (axial)
Characteristics of bony pelvis
- strongly united, immobile
- weight bearing
- important for stability
- provides foundation for upper body
what 3 bones are the coxal bones formed from?
- ilium
- ischium
- pubis
- fused together to form coxal bone
what are the three regions of the leg?
- thigh
- lower leg
- foot
which bone makes up the thigh?
Femur
Which bones make much the lower leg?
- tibia
- fibula
which bones make up the foot?
- tarsals
- metatarsals
- phalanges
What does the patella articulate with?
- articulates with FEMUR (patellar surface)
- not tibia
What is the role of the patella?
prevents rubbing of muscle tendon against distal femur
which bone is the main weight bearing bone in the leg?
tibia
What is the fibula mainly used for?
muscle attachments
Body weight transfer
- vertebral column
- pelvis
- tibia
- talus
- calcaneus
function of glenoid cavity of the scapula?
articulates w/ humerus to form glenohumeral joint
what part of the scapula forms the bony tip of the shoulder?
acromion of the scapula
which bones does the clavicle articulate with?
- manubrium (sternum, medially)
- acromion (scapula, laterally)
what bone of the humerus articulates with what bone of the ulna?
trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna
what bone of the humerus articulates with what bone of the radius?
capitulum (humerus) articulates with the head of the radius
what are the two articulations on the humerus that form a joint, and what joint?
trochlea and capitulum join with the ulna and radius to form the elbow joint
what does the head of the humerus articulate with?
glenoid cavity
- forms glenohumeral joint
What bone of the femur articulates with what bone of the coxal bone?
head of the femur articulates with the acetablum of the coxal bone
the proximal end of the tibia articulates with which bones of the femur?
medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with the medial and later condyles of the femur
what bone makes the bony bump on the medial side of the ankle?
medial malleolus of the tibia
what bone makes the bony bump of the lateral side of the ankle?
lateral malleolus of the fibula
what bone of the foot forms a joint with the tibia? what is the joint?
the talus of the foot (tarsals) articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint
