Congenital Abnormalities- Terms

Question 1

Malformation

Answer 1

• occurs during formation of structures -> d/t environmental or genetic factors (week 3-8)

Question 2

Disruption

Answer 2

• morphological alterations of structures after formation (d/t destructive process)

Question 3

Deformation

Answer 3

• d/t mechanical forces that mould part of foetus over prolonged period of time (i.e. club feet)

Question 4

Syndrome

Answer 4

• group of anomalies occurring together -> specific, common aetiology (i.e. Down’s Syndrome)

Question 5

Congenital Abnormality- Def.

Answer 5

• Abnormality present from birth, but may become manifest as ossification progresses
• Usually observed in the soft tissues as well as bone -> clinical findings need to be weighted with radiographic findings