Conformity Flashcards
What is social influence?
Attempt from others to change attitudes and behaviours of others through means such as persuasion, making requests and exerting authority
What is compliance?
Public but not private change. Individual yields to external pressures
What is conformity?
Changes ones underlying beliefs. Internalised
Whose trials gave Milgram inspiration?
Adolf Eichmann
When participants had visual contact with the learner, what happened?
Conformity dropped from 65% to 30% with the shock plate
When instructions were delivered by phone, what happened to conformity levels?
Dropped from 65% to 20.5%
When the experiment was conducted in a run down office, what happened to the conformity?
Levels dropped from 65% to 47.5%
What happened to conformity if other teachers who complied were there?
Raised from 65% to 92%
What happened to conformity if other teachers who refused were there?
Only 10% went to 450v
What is the autokinetic phenomenon?
When placed in a dark room and exposed to a single light, most people perceive the light as moving about when stationary. This is because there are no clear cues to distance or location
Who researched into the auto kinetic effect?
Sherif 1935
What does idiosyncratic mean?
Individual
What did Sherif’s experiment involve?
- Asked participants to estimate how far the light moved on several trials:
Estimates converged on an idiosyncratic value (typical to that individual). - Then asked people to estimate how far the light moved in groups of 2 or 3
- Finally participants were asked to perform task once more alone …
What percentage of participants conformed at least once in Asch’s trial?
75%
What percentage of responses were incorrect in Asch’s experiment?
36%
What was conformity like in Asch’s experiment when the participants answers were private?
12.5%
What is informational influence
Influence to achieve accurate perceptions (e.g., Sherif)
➜ People want to be right
What is normative influence
- influence to gain approval and avoid rejection (e.g., Asch)
➜ People want to be liked
Who came up with ISI and NSI?
Deutsch and Gerard
Who tested the Asch paradigm?
Deutsch and Gerard
Who argued that groups are a part of the self and not just external influences?
Turner 1991
Who argued that groups are a part of the self and not just external influences?
Turner 1991
Who explored the role of group membership in the Asch paradigm?
Abrams et al 1990
What did Abrams et al find about group membership?
In group shows a higher number of conforming responses in a public area. The lowest is a public area with an outgroup as they tend to be polarised.
