Conflict Avoidance and Dispute Resolution Procedures

Question 1

What is the difference between adjudication and arbitrator?

Answer 1

Adjudication involves the quick resolution of disputes - decision within 28 days

Adjudication is suitable for - simple disputes

Arbitration may be more situated to more complex dispute

Question 2

What is adjudication

Answer 2

• Adjudication is a statutory form of dispute resolution procedure available in the United Kingdom.
• It is a relatively simple and efficient method of resolving disputes without engaging in lengthy and expensive court proceedings.
• Adjudication relies on an independent third party who considers the claims of both parties.
• A binding decision is made by the adjudicator which can be appealed either through litigation or arbitration.
• It has the advantage of being time sensitive with a decision being made within 28 days.

Question 3

What is dispute resolution ?

Answer 3

Actions to resolve contractual disagreements between parties.

Question 4

Name some different forms of ADR?

Answer 4

• Mediation
• Conciliation
• Negotiation

Question 5

What are the three formal forms of dispute resolution?

Answer 5

• Arbitration
• Litigation
• Adjudication

Question 6

What would you consider selecting a form of dispute resolution?

Answer 6

• The cost in proportion to the claim
• The timescales involved
• The impact on business relationships and reputation

Question 7

What is Conciliation?

Answer 7

• This dispute resolution process is similar to mediation and relies on an independent third party to aid reaching an agreement.
• The conciliator has no authority to seek evidence or call witnesses.
• Conciliators are not able to make binding decisions.
• The conciliators’ role is to act primarily as the messenger and to encourage diplomacy.

Question 8

What is Mediation?

Answer 8

• This is an alternative form of dispute resolution and relies on bringing in an impartial third party to mediate and guide a decision.
• The mediator tries to encourage a coming together of parties in order to facilitate a decision as opposed to acting only as a messenger which is the key differentiator between mediation and conciliation.
• Mediation encourages the coming together of parties and reaching an agreement.

Question 9

What is negotiation?

Answer 9

• Negotiation is where the parties reach an agreement through an informal private or facilitated discussion.
• Both parties will agree to settle the dispute either at a high level or in detail and agree to be bound by
  this settlement.

Question 10

What is arbitration?

Answer 10

Arbitration is a procedure in which a dispute is submitted, by agreement of the parties, to one or more arbitrators who make a binding decision on the dispute.

In choosing arbitration, the parties opt for a private dispute resolution procedure instead of going to court.

Question 11

What could indicate the success of a negotiation on a final account?

Answer 11

• Both parties are satisfied with the outcome and feel that a fair and reasonable compromise was reached.
• A partnering approach is adopted with both parties feeling as though their long-term relationships and reputations have been maintained.

Question 12

What enforces the requirement for a building contract to contain provisions for adjudication?

Answer 12

The Housing grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (Construction Act).

Question 13

Which contracts does adjudication apply to?

Answer 13

It applies to all construction contracts entered into after the act commenced within England, Scotland and Wales.

Question 14

What if a building contract does not contain provisions for adjudication?

Answer 14

• Parties still have the statutory right to adjudication assuming the contract qualifies under the construction act.
• Failing this the Scheme for construction contracts will apply in its entirety.

Question 15

Can you explain in detail the difference between arbitration and
litigation procedures?

Answer 15

Arbitration:-
- Arbitration is governed by the Arbitration Act 1996.
- In order to arbitrate there must be an agreement to enter into arbitration by both parties.
- Parties have a wide degree of discretion as to how the proceedings are conducted.
- Procedures are similar to litigation with formal submissions by both parties, expert evidence, hearings and a decision by the arbitrator.
- It is a private process.

• Litigation:-
• Litigation differs in that proceedings are conducted in court.
• It is a public process that follows civil procedure rules.
• Despite having high costs the process can deal with multi-party disputes and civil procedure rules which aim for accessibility, speed and efficiency.

Question 16

Please explain your understanding of the arbitration process?

Answer 16

• Arbitration is a procedure for the resolution of disputes which is under the control of the parties.
• Certain conditions must be met for example a genuine dispute or difference between the parties must have occurred with an award being capable of enforcement.
• A binding agreement must be reached to escalate the matter to arbitration.
• The proceedings are undertaken in a private setting meaning the reputations of both parties can be preserved to an extent.