Concept of Radiation Flashcards

1
Q

The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.

A

Radiation

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2
Q

A stream of particles or electromagnetic waves emitted by the atoms and molecules of a radioactive substance as a result of nuclear decay.

A

Radiation

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3
Q

The two major sources of radiation.

A

Natural Sources

Artificial Sources

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4
Q

A source of natural background radiation, which originates in outer space and is composed of penetrating ionizing radiation (both particulate and electromagnetic).

A

Cosmic Background Radiation

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5
Q

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is also found throughout nature such as in soil, water, and vegetation.

A

Terrestrial Radiation

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6
Q

a naturally occurring radioactive gas which can accumulate in enclosed places, including houses and other buildings.

A

Radon

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7
Q

When a radioactive atom decays, its nucleus, which is unstable, breaks down, turning into the nucleus of another element, called a ________.

A

Daughter product

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8
Q

Primary source of radiation from the human body.

A

Potassium-40

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9
Q

What is the amount of the radioactive isotope 40k in a 70-kg person is about ______, which represents 5,000 atoms undergoing radioactive decay each sound.

A

5,000 Bq, 5,000 atoms

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10
Q

It is derived from plants.

A

Carbon

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11
Q

the dose received by an individual in the course of employment in which the individual’s assigned duties involve exposure to radiation or to radioactive material.

A

Occupational dose

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12
Q

Pure energy with no mass and is like vibrating or pulsating waves of electrical and magnetic energy. Produced by a vibrating electric charge and as such, they consist of both an electric and a magnetic component.

A

Electromagnetic Radiation

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13
Q

Acts like a stream of small “packets” of energy called ________

A

Photons

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14
Q

electromagnetic radiation travels in a straight line at the speed of light _______

A

(3 x 10^8 m/s).

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15
Q

A changing magnetic field will induce a changing electric field and vice-versa—the two are linked. These changing fields form ______ differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to propagate.

A

Electromagnetic Waves

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16
Q

The number of crests that pass a given point within one second is described as the _____ of the wave.

17
Q

The distance between crests is the _____.

A

Wavelength

18
Q

An electron volt is the amount of kinetic energy needed to move an electron through one volt potential

19
Q

1 eV =

A

1.602 x 10^-19 J

20
Q

1 J =

A

6.242 x 10^18 eV

21
Q

True or False
The variation in dose from one person to another is not as great as the variation in dose from cosmic and terrestrial sources.

22
Q

Primary Source of radiation in the human body.

23
Q

True or False

Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength: Shorter wavelength, higher frequency

24
Q

Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength: Longer wavelength, lower frequency

25
True or False Relationship Between Frequency, Wavelength, and Energy: The shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency, the higher the energy of electromagnetic radiation
True
26
Relationship Between Frequency, Wavelength, and Energy: The longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency, the lower the energy of electromagnetic radiation.
True
27
What is the plank's constant?
6.626x10^-34 J.s or 4.1357x10^-15 eV.s
28
True or False The variation in dose from one person to another is not as great as the variation in dose from cosmic and terrestrial sources.
True
29
True or False | The only difference between the various types of electromagnetic radiation is the amount of energy.
True
30
True or False | Electromagnetic waves can travel through vacuum space
True