Concept of Radiation

Question 1

The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.

Answer 1

Radiation

Question 2

A stream of particles or electromagnetic waves emitted by the atoms and molecules of a radioactive substance as a result of nuclear decay.

Answer 2

Radiation

Question 3

The two major sources of radiation.

Answer 3

Natural Sources

Artificial Sources

Question 4

A source of natural background radiation, which originates in outer space and is composed of penetrating ionizing radiation (both particulate and electromagnetic).

Answer 4

Cosmic Background Radiation

Question 5

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is also found throughout nature such as in soil, water, and vegetation.

Answer 5

Terrestrial Radiation

Question 6

a naturally occurring radioactive gas which can accumulate in enclosed places, including houses and other buildings.

Answer 6

Radon

Question 7

When a radioactive atom decays, its nucleus, which is unstable, breaks down, turning into the nucleus of another element, called a ________.

Answer 7

Daughter product

Question 8

Primary source of radiation from the human body.

Answer 8

Potassium-40

Question 9

What is the amount of the radioactive isotope 40k in a 70-kg person is about ______, which represents 5,000 atoms undergoing radioactive decay each sound.

Answer 9

5,000 Bq, 5,000 atoms

Question 10

It is derived from plants.

Answer 10

Carbon

Question 11

the dose received by an individual in the course of employment in which the individual’s assigned duties involve exposure to radiation or to radioactive material.

Answer 11

Occupational dose

Question 12

Pure energy with no mass and is like vibrating or pulsating waves of electrical and magnetic energy. Produced by a vibrating electric charge and as such, they consist of both an electric and a magnetic component.

Answer 12

Electromagnetic Radiation

Question 13

Acts like a stream of small “packets” of energy called ________

Answer 13

Photons

Question 14

electromagnetic radiation travels in a straight line at the speed of light _______

Answer 14

(3 x 10^8 m/s).

Question 15

A changing magnetic field will induce a changing electric field and vice-versa—the two are linked. These changing fields form ______ differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to propagate.

Answer 15

Electromagnetic Waves

Question 16

The number of crests that pass a given point within one second is described as the _____ of the wave.

Answer 16

Frequency

Question 17

The distance between crests is the _____.

Answer 17

Wavelength

Question 18

An electron volt is the amount of kinetic energy needed to move an electron through one volt potential

Answer 18

Energy

Question 19

1 eV =

Answer 19

1.602 x 10^-19 J

Question 20

1 J =

Answer 20

6.242 x 10^18 eV

Question 21

True or False
The variation in dose from one person to another is not as great as the variation in dose from cosmic and terrestrial sources.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Primary Source of radiation in the human body.

Answer 22

Potassium

Question 23

True or False

Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength: Shorter wavelength, higher frequency

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength: Longer wavelength, lower frequency

Answer 24

True

Question 25

True or False
Relationship Between Frequency, Wavelength, and Energy: The shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency, the higher the energy of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Relationship Between Frequency, Wavelength, and Energy: The longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency, the lower the energy of electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the plank’s constant?

Answer 27

6.626x10^-34 J.s or 4.1357x10^-15 eV.s

Question 28

True or False
The variation in dose from one person to another is not as great as the variation in dose from cosmic and terrestrial sources.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False

The only difference between the various types of electromagnetic radiation is the amount of energy.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False

Electromagnetic waves can travel through vacuum space

Answer 30

True