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Medical Terminology > Comtrol Infection > Flashcards

Comtrol Infection Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Disease causing microbes

A

Pathogens

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2
Q

Disease caused by pathogens

A

Infection

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3
Q

Chain of infection

A 
Pathogen
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Method of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
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4
Q

Pathogen

A

Microbe capable of causing a disease

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5
Q

Reservoir

A

Storehouse for microbes to grow and multiply

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6
Q

Reservoirs for microbes

A

Bodies of people and animals
Bodies of water
Food

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7
Q

Portal of exit

A

Microbes exit vary depending on the pathogen and reservoir.

If human or animal the portal can be
The respiratory tract
The genitourinary tract
Breaks the skin

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8
Q

Transmission of pathogen

A

Direct: pathogen passed thru close physical contact. I.e. touching kissing sex
Or
Breathing infected air

Indirect: pathogens passes by way on contamination I.e. Touching surface or object

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9
Q

Portal of entry

A

Way of gaining entry to new reservoir.

Potential portals are: respiratory, digestive, genitourinary, eyes and breaks in the skin

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10
Q

Susceptible host

A

Person capable of becoming infected with a particular pathogen

Persons susceptibility to infection:

Age very young or very old
Poor general health
Presence of medical devices placed in body ie
Urinary catheters.

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11
Q

Health care-associated infection

A

Nosocomial infection

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12
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

health care-associated infections

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13
Q

Nosocomial infection. Super bugs

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Clostridium difficile or C-diff

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE)

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14
Q

MRSA

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A

Staph infection caused by direct contact

Serious infections of blood, lungs, heart or bone

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15
Q

C-diff

Clostridium difficile

A

Microbe passes from body feces

Both indirect and direct contact ie. Surfaces or hands

Causes diarrhea and abdominal pain

Spores live for a long time

Must wash hands with soap and water; alcohol
Doesn’t kill spores.

Surface clean with bleach

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16
Q

VEE

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus

A

Microbe infects wounds in the

Intestinal tract and the urinary track

17
Q

Signs of infections

A 
High temperature
Red or draining eyes
Stuffy nose
Coughing
Headache
Sore throat
Flushed face
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Stomach pain
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Cloudy or smelly urine
Joint pain
Muscle ache
Skin rash
Sores
Redness around wounds or incision
Drainage from wound or incision
Swelling
18
Q

Older signs and symptoms of infection

A

New onset of confusion or increased confusion from the norm

Changes in eating or appetite

New onset of loss of bladder or bowel control

More frequent episodes of incontinence

Loss of ability to complete tasks normally able to do

Fatigue or lethargy

Flu-like symptoms

19
Q

Methods of infection control

A

Washing hands

Decontaminating surfaces and objects

PPE

Isolation precautions

20
Q

Most important of infection control

A

Washing hands

21
Q

Microbes

A

Microorganism

22
Q

Isolation Precautions

A

Standard precautions

Transmission-based precautions

23
Q

Standard precautions

A 
Wear disposable gloves
Wash your hands
Wear PPE
Handle sharp items with care
Clean up blood or body fluid promptly
Handle contaminated articles carefully
Practice respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
24
Q

Transmission-based precautions

A

Airborne precautions
Droplet precautions
Contact precautions

25
Q

Blood borne pathogens

A

HIV

Hepititis

26
Q

Hepititis

A

Inflammation of the liver

Blood-borne pathogen

TYPE B. (HBV). D (HDV) vaccine
No vaccine for C (HCV)

Liver failure
Liver cancer

27
Q

Blood-borne Pathogen Standards by OSHA

A 
Exposure control plan
Proper Training
Proper Equipment
HBV vaccination
Work practice controls
Engineering controls
28
Q

Order for collecting bed making supplies

A 
Pillow case
Blanket
Flat top sheet
Draw sheet
Fitted or bottom sheet
29
Q

When asking patient to ambulated to chair to change sheets

A

Must have patient sit on bed for 1 min. To check for dizziness

Remember to use body mechanics!

30
Q

Washing hands

A

Friction of washing must be 20 seconds

31
Q

Avoid doing what when making bed

A

Avoid flicking, shaking , movement because of air particles

Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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