Assisting W/ Positioning/transferring

Question 1

Bony prominences

Answer 1

Areas where thin layer of fat and muscle between skin and the bone or cartilage underneath

Question 2

Skin breakdown

Answer 2

Loss of healthy intact skin because tissue not getting enough oxygen and nutrients

Question 3

Friction

Answer 3

Occurs when two surfaces rub against each other causing pressure ulcers

Question 4

Shearing

Answer 4

Is when a surface moves one way against another surface that offers resistance like dragging

Question 5

1st stage of pressure ulcers

Answer 5

Area is red
Pale or dark
Normal color does not return to normal color quickli

Question 6

2nd stage of pressure ulcers

Answer 6

The area looks shallow open ulcer with pink or red exposed tissue at the bottom

Sometimes instead of an ulcer. Looks like blister

Question 7

Stage 3 of pressure ulcer

Answer 7

More tissue lost

Fat beneath skin may be visible

Question 8

Stage 4 of pressure ulcers

Answer 8

Deep crater forms

Muscle or bone may be visible

Question 9

Risks for pressure ulcers

Answer 9

Immobility
Advanced age
Fragile dry skin
Moisture

Poor nutrition
Poor hydration
Poor circulation
Poor oxygenation

Question 10

Pressure ulcer

Answer 10

Sore that develops from hard surface

Question 11

Pressure ulcers can be caused in these area:

Answer 11

Back of head
Ear
Shoulder
Elbow
Tailbone
Knee ankle
Heel

Question 12

Risk factors for pressure ulcer development

Answer 12

Immobility
Advanced age
Fragile dry skin
Moisture I.e where skin surfaces touch another
Or skin in contact with soiled line so/clothes

Question 13

To prevent direct pressure what is done

Answer 13

Change persons position every 2 hours
Observe and report any reddened skin
Ensure body is in good alignment
Use pressure reducing devices like mattresses,heel and elbow pads
Remove any hairpins when resting head

Question 14

To prevent friction and shearing injuries

Answer 14

Get help to shift person by lifting up
Elevate head no more than 30 degrees
Make a tight wrinkle free bed
Prevent medical equipment from rubbing against person
Pad supportive devices
Ensure shoes and socks fit well

Question 15

Protecting skin to skin contact

Answer 15

Check skin for changes under the folds

Position person so air circulates around arms and legs to keep skin from skin

Question 16

To prevent moisture from causing pressure ulcers

Answer 16

Wash, rinse, dry kin thoroughly
Check people with incontinence ever 2 hour to keep skin, clothing and linens clean and dry
Cover vinyl chair with pad or sheet
Have person wear moisture absorbing clothes from natural fabrics

Question 17

To prevent poor circulation to be cause of pressure ulcers

Answer 17

Elevate persons arms and legs
Provide gentle massage
Observe skin frequently and report any changes to nurse

Question 18

To improve the persons skin

Answer 18

Nutrition and hydration.
Encourage person to eat a well-balanced diet
Encourage to drink adequate amt of fluids

Question 19

To improve persons skin

S

Answer 19

Mobility
Reposition person often

If person is able assist person transferring out of bed and walking

Question 20

Pressure ulcers prevention

Answer 20

Good skin care
Encouraging movement
Observe signs of skin breakdown
 Regular toileting and perineal care
Good nutrition and fluid intake
Assisting with repositioning and avoiding friction and shearing injuries
Ensure wrinkle free linens

Question 21

Supine position

Answer 21

Bed flat
Person on back, head supported by pillow
Small pillow to back
Arms extended to sides
Palms down
Toes pointed out
Pressure off heels pillow calves and ankles

Question 22

Fowler’s position

Answer 22

In supine position 
But head  of bed raised 45 degrees
Sitting up
Low fowler=30 degrees
High fowler=90 degrees
Fowler should be short time only.
Person tends to slide down causing shearing injuries. People slide down bed.
People on tailbone=pressure ulcer formulation

Question 23

Sims position

Answer 23

Exaggerated side-lying position
Used for rectal thermometer to giving an enema
Top leg is bent at knee,supported by pillow
Top arm bent at elbow with hand near face and supported by pillow.

Question 24

Log rolling

Answer 24

Done when resident has spinal injury