Assiting WithEliminaion Flashcards
What is feces
Solid body waste
How is urine formed
Urine is formed by the kidneys which filter the
Blood to remove dissolved waste products and excess fluids
How is feces is formed
Feces are formed through the digesting food.
As food passes through the digestive tract ,the unusable parts of the food are absorbed into the body and the unusable parts are eliminated as feces.
Feces is often referred to as stool after they leave the body.
How are urine and feces removed from the body
Through processes of urinalysis and bowel elimination.
What are the professional words for elimination
Defecation and urination
What does normal urine look like
Urine color from Palm to deep yellow w/ slight odor.
Am urine is darker/. Strong odor
As day goes on urine becomes lighter in color and the odor lessens
How to describes a Persons pattern of elimination
Urine patterns differ from person to person.
Note # of urinary eliminations and how much time passes between voiding.
With bowel movement, how frequently occur….some have bm every 2 to 3 days
Questions to ask about elimination with resident
How often do you urinate
Is there anything special about urination habits that I should know
How often do you have a bm
What a time of day you usually have a bm
Any special habits sold I know about
How to help to promote normal elimination
Maintain the person's normal elimination pattern Encourage adequate fluid intake Encourage exercise and high fiber foods Provide privacy Promote comfort
How long do you wait outside the door before checking in
Every 5 minutes
2 types of bedpans
Standard with narrow end to feet
Fracture narrow part to head
Fracture is thinner so makes it easier to put under buttocks
Check every 5 minutes
Remove bedpan as soon as possible so pressure
Sores do not form
Common problems with elimination
UTI
diarrhea
Constipation and
Fecal impaction
Incontinence
Leading cause to admission long- term care
Causes: acute conditions. UTI OR Diarrhea right
After realization they need toilet
Certain modifications
Confusion,dementia, Alzheimer’s
Conditions like arthritis not making it to bathroom
In time
Brain, spinal cord or nerve damage prevents person
from feeling it
Muscle weakness that controls elimination
Two types of training for incontinence
Scheduled or training program
Products for incontinence
Incontinence pads. Within the underpants
Incontinence briefs
Condom catheter: condo like device, tubing, drainage bag or leg bag ( smaller)
Condom should be changed at least once a day
UTI
Can occur in any urinary system
The kidneys (filter the blood to produce urine)
The ureters ( tubes carry urine from kidneys to bladder)
The bladder ( where the urine is stored)
Urethra ( the tube that carries urine out of the body
Caused by bacteria in feces
Signs and symptoms of UTI
Pain or burning sensation when urinating Frequent and of urgent need to urinate Ability to pass a small amt of urine despite feeling Need to urinate Cloudy dark yellow smelly Milky urine or blood in urine Fever Unusual behaviors ie dementia when they lean for Discomfort Changes in mental statue
Diarrhea
Frequent passage of loose watery feces foul smelling. With cramping
Some medications
Ongoing diarrhea cause dehydration
Constipation
Difficult elimination of hard dry feces Factors contribute to constipation Immobility Inadequate fluid intake Inadequate intake of high fiber as fruits veggies and whole grains Disruptions in normal bm pattern Changes in diet Aging Certain medications
Fecal impaction
More serious occurs when cannot eliminate or is
constipated
Can lead to disimpaction.
Disimpaction
Procedure when a finger has to scoop the feces out piece by piece from the anus by nurse or doctor
What is a graduate
A pitcher like measuring device
What do urine and feces specimen do
Evaluate the persons health
Diagnose medical conditions
Determine proper treatment
Three methods to collect urine specimens
Routine urine collection
Clean catch ( midstream) urine collections
24 hour collection
Straining urine
If person has kidney stones
Urinate in a commode hat
Portable commode
Bedpan
Urinal
Place 4x4 gauze square . That’s stone
Place in labeled specimen container
Stool specimins
Collected with commode hat, portable commode or
Bedpan
Tell person ahead of time since stool occurs less
Remind not to dispose toilet paper in commode
Indwelling catheter. Parts
Balloon Catheter Connection tween catheter and tubing Tubing Urine drainage bag Drainage spout (in holder)
Why is Indwelling urinary catheter used
Medical condition prevents emptying bladder
Before during or after surgeries
If person incontinent and has pressure ulcer that
Could get worse if skin came in contact w/ urine
If person has lower body paralysis or nerve damages do cannot sense need to urinate
What is intermittent catherterization
Catheter inserted into bladder until it is drained and then catheter removed
Temp of enema
105 degrees
What is urine
Liquid body waste
