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IMMUNOLOGY & SEROLOGY > COMPLEMENT SYSTEM & IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDER > Flashcards

COMPLEMENT SYSTEM & IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDER Flashcards

1
Q

A set of proteins that play a role in cytolytic destruction of cellular antigens by specific antibody ; reaction is non specific to the target cell

A

Complement system

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2
Q

Act as chemotaxin

A

C5a, C5b, C6, C7

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3
Q

Act as opsonins

A

C3b, C4b, C5b

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4
Q

Classical pathway is initiated by

A

IgG and IgM

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5
Q

Membrane attack complex

A

C5b6789

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6
Q

based on activation via classical pathway

A

C 1423 56789

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7
Q

Lysis starts when ___ attaches to host cell

A

C8

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8
Q

Activation unit of classical pathway

A

C4, C2, C3

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9
Q

Stabilizer of C3 and C5 convert are

A

Properdin pathway / alternative pathway

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10
Q

Stabilizer of C3 and C5 convert are

A

Properdin pathway / alternative pathway

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11
Q

Involved in alternative pathway

A

C3 56789

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12
Q

Activating substance in classical pathway

A

Immune complex

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13
Q

Activating substance in alternative pathway

A

LPS (bacterial capsule) , IgA

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14
Q

Activating substance in lectin pathway

A

Mannose group on microbial cell

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15
Q

Recognition unit in classical pathway

A

C1q, C1r, C1s

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16
Q

Recognition unit in alternative pathway

A

C3, Factor B , Factor D

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17
Q

Recognition unit in lectin pathway

A

MBP, MASP-1

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18
Q

C3 convertase of classical pathway

A

C4b2a

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19
Q

C3 convertase of alternative pathway

A

C3bBbP

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20
Q

C3 convertase of lectin pathway

A

C4b2a

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21
Q

C5 convertase of classical pathway

A

C4b2a3b

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22
Q

C5 convertase of alternative pathway

A

C3bBb3bP

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23
Q

C5 convertase of lectin pathway

A

C4b2a3b

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24
Q

Dissociates C1r and C1s from C1q

A

C1 inhibitor

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25
Q

Cleaves C3b and C4b

A

Factor I

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26
Q

Cofactor with I to inactive C3b ; prevents binding of B to C3b

A

Factor H

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27
Q

Acts as a cofactor with I to inactivate C4b

A

C4 binding protein

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28
Q

Prevents attachment of the C5b67 complex to cell membrane

A

S protein (vitronectin)

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29
Q

Accelerates dissociation of C3 convertase ; associated with Cromer blood group

A

Decay accelerating factor

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30
Q

Membrane attack complex inhibitor

A

Homologous restriction Facto (HRF)
CD59

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31
Q

Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis

A

CD59

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32
Q

Associated with 035 blood group

A

CD59

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33
Q

B cell co receptor for antigen with CD19 ; most common

A

CR2 (CD21)

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34
Q

Receptor for adhesion and increased activity of phagocytic cell

A

CR3 (CD11b/CD18)

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35
Q

Complement deficient in lupus-like syndrome ; recurrent infection ; atherosclerosis

A

C2

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36
Q

Complement deficient in hereditary angioedema

A

C1-INH

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37
Q

Complement deficient in PNH

A

DAF and//or MIRL

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38
Q

Assay for complement components — amount of C’ serum that can cause hemolysis of the 5% of the standardized concentration antibody-sensitized sheep RBC

A

CH50 assay

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39
Q

Assay for complement components — magnesium chloride, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid

A

AH50 assay

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40
Q

___% is used because this is when the change in lytic activity per unit change in complement is at maximum

A

50%

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41
Q

Reporting of complement fixation test

A

Highest dilution showing no hemolysis

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42
Q

Heightened state of immune response

A

Hypersensitivity

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43
Q

Time of immediate hypersensitivity

A

6-24 hours

44
Q

Time of delayed hypersensitivity

A

> 24 hours

45
Q

Immediate type of hypersensitivity reactions

A

Type I , II , III

46
Q

IgE as immune mediator ; heterologous ; anaphylaxis, allergic reactions, allergic asthma , food allergies, urticaria ; no complement involvement

47
Q

IgG and IgM immune mediators ; antibody mediated cytotoxic ; autologous or heterologous ; cell destruction ; transfusion reactions, autoimmune hemolytic anemia , HDFN, drug reactions, myasthenia gravies ; Goodpsture’s syndrome ; Grave’s disease

48
Q

IgM or IgG immune mediators ; complex mediated ; antigen-antibody complexes activate complement proteins ; neutrophils are recruited and release lysosomal enzymes

; serum sickness, Arthus reaction, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, drug reactions

49
Q

T cells as immune mediators ; cell mediated or delayed type ; delayed type ; antigen-sensitized Th1 cells release cytokines that recruit macrophages and induce inflammation or activate cytotoxic T cells to cause direct cell damage ;

contact dermatitis ; tuberculin and anergy skin tests, hypersensitivity pneumonitis

50
Q

In vivo testing for immediate hypersensitivity

51
Q

Most preferred skin tests ; used in Wheal & Flare

A

Percutaneous

52
Q

In vitro test for total serum IgE

53
Q

In vitro test for allergen specific IgE

54
Q

Primary mediators of type I hypersensitivity

A

Histamine
Heparin
ECF-A
NCF-A

55
Q

Secondary mediators of type I hypersensitivity

A

Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Platelet activating factor
IL-1, IL-3, IL-4

56
Q

Test for type II hypersensitivity reaction

57
Q

Antigen is ____ in type III hypersensitivity reaction

58
Q

type III hypersensitivity reaction : deposition of ag-ab complex in the ____

59
Q

Test for type III hypersensitivity reaction ;

A

Labelled immunoassay

60
Q

Tests for type IV hypersensitivity reaction

A

Skin tests (patch test , tuberculin test), interferon gamma release

61
Q

Presence of autoreactive or autoantibodies cells

A

Autoimmune disease

62
Q

Ability of the immune system to accept self antigen and not initiate a response against them

A

Self tolerance

63
Q

Central autoimmune disease

A

BM, thymus

64
Q

Peripheral autoimmune disease

A

Secondary lymphoid organs

65
Q

Individual viral or bacterial agents contain antigens that closely resemble self-antigen

A

Molecular mimicry

66
Q

Polio virus VP2 resembles

A

Acetylcholine

67
Q

Measles virus P3 resemble

A

Myelin basic protein

68
Q

Papilloma virus VP2 resembles

A

Insulin receptors

69
Q

Microorganism can induce a local inflammatory response that recruits leukocytes and stimulates APCs to release cytokines that activate T cells

A

Bystander effect

70
Q

Ability to bind to bot MHC class II and TCRs regardless of the antigen specificity

A

Super antigens

71
Q

Immune complex disease characterized by overproduction of autoantibodies

72
Q

SLE manifests itself by skin lesions _______

A

Butterfly rash or red wolf

73
Q

It is SLE when _____ is present

A

Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)

74
Q

PMN leukocyte with ingested LE body often in rosette formation

75
Q

Drugs associated to Lupus

A

Procainamide
Hydralazine
Chlorpromazine
Isoniazid
Quinidine

76
Q

Autoantibodies that are directed against antigens in the nuclei of mammalian cells

A

Antinuclear antibodies

77
Q

Autoantibodies involved in SLE

A

Anti-dsDNA and Anti-Sm

78
Q

Extractable nuclear antigen (uridine-rich RNA component)

79
Q

Characteristics of antigen—antigens in the chromosome centromere ; CREST syndrome

A

Autoantibody - anti-centromere

80
Q

CREST stands for

A

Calcinosis
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotililty
Sclerodactyl
Telangiectasia

81
Q

Principle of fluorescent antinuclear antibody test

A

Indirect immunofluorescence

82
Q

Fluorescent pattern : uniform staining of the entire nucleus

A

Homogenous/diffused

83
Q

Diffuse staining is throughout the nucleus, but greater intensity around the outer circle surrounding the nucleus

A

Peripheral/outline/rim

84
Q

Fluorescent pattern : discrete, fluorescent specks throughout nucleus

A

Speckled granules

85
Q

Fluorescent pattern : prominent staining of the nucleoli

86
Q

Fluorescent pattern : numerous discrete speckles are seen

A

Centromere-fine

87
Q

Used to detect antibodies to dsDNA

A

Immunofluorescence using Crithidia lucillae

88
Q

Used to determine the immunologic specificity of a positive FANA test

A

Ouchterlony test

89
Q

Chronic, symmetric, and erosive arthritis of the peripheral joints; Progresses to joint deformity and disability

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

90
Q

Specific antibody marker of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Anticyclic citrullinated peptide

91
Q

Group of immmunoglobulins that interacts specifically with the Fc potion of IgG molecules

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

92
Q

A systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease ; Characterized by chronic inflammation of the excorine glands, most notably the ocular and salivary glands

A

Sjögren’s syndrome

93
Q

Rare SARD that is characterized by excessive fibrosis and vascular abnormalities that affect skin and pints and progress over time to involve internal organs, most commonly the esophagus, lower gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart and kidneys

A

Scleroderma

94
Q

Inflammation of blood vessels

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

95
Q

Primarily affect the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

96
Q

New name of Goodpasture syndrome

A

Anti-glomerular basement membrane syndrome

97
Q

Tumor marker for hepatic and testicular cancer

98
Q

Tumor marker for lung cancer

99
Q

Tumor marker for breast cancer

100
Q

Tumor marker for ovarian cancer

101
Q

Tumor marker for colorectal cancer

102
Q

Tumor marker for prostate cancer

103
Q

Tumor marker for urinary bladder cancer

A

Nuclear matrix protein

104
Q

Tumor marker for pancreatic cancer

105
Q

Tumor marker for medullary cancer

A

Calcitonin

106
Q

Tumor marker for hematopoietic malignancies

107
Q

Patients are greater than 60 years of age and the incidence is greater in men than women

A

Non Hodgkin lymphoma

IMMUNOLOGY & SEROLOGY (7 decks)

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