competitive youth sport Flashcards
why is youth sport important
makes up a large portion of their MVPA
increases energy expenditure and has many psychosocial benefits
is some concern about child doing high levels of specialised training
early drop outs bc of scouting policies may cause negative psychosocial consequences
give some benefits that have been associated with competing in competative youth sport
improved self esteem social interaction fewer depressive symptoms better emotional control increased ability to resolve conflicts better cooperation confidence psychological resilience team work social wellbeing
critique the evidence these benefits of participation in youth sport
strong evidence because was from a systematic review
most studies however were cross sectional so can’t infer causality
don’t know the direction of the association
what possible social consequences are associated with participation in elite youth sport
may have to move away from friends
may have less time to spend with school friends
spend a lot of time with people who are likely to all have similar interests
may have lost friends by time they drop out
do make new friends at academy
does intensive gymnastic training negatively impact growth and maturation
no
those who peristed in the sport did tend to be smaller but it seems this was more due to smaller people selecting into the sport
data for SSC, skeletal age and age at peak height velocity overlapped normal population variation
describe how the role of early maturity can impact on talent identification
early maturers stand out due to advanced physical characterisitcs
e.g 30m sprint and vertical jump performance is around 50% affected by maturity status
skill aspects are must less affected
so early maturers may be selected into a sport due to being physically elite but not have sufficient skill elements to remain in the sport when maturity of others catches up
differentiate between talent selection and talent identification
selection = picking players based on characteristics which they display at the present time
some of these may be physical and therefore unfairly favour early maturers
identification = training larger numbers, rather than cutting all but the elite
allows late maturers to catch up and avoids selecting out skillful late maturers
what could be the potential issue with employing talent selection rather than identifcation
may not be selecting those with the best talent in the future
once others catch up in stature, the early maturers may not have enough skill to maintain their elite status
skillful but late maturers may be selected out prematurely
what is the relative age effect
the difference in age between children in the same school year/age catagory due to differences in birth dates during that year
describe evidence linking the relative age effect to talent identification
professional under 17, 19 and 21 soccer players
greater numbers selected from the first two quarters of the year
more of an effect in younger age groups
higher percentage of females born in first half of the year in more elite levels of football in switzerland
(altering self selection and talent identification)
suggest ways to overcome this age/maturity bias
altering chronological age groupings
reduce contact in sports
eliminate fast tracking
create potential and current squads
biobanding
explain what biobanding involved
players are group based on their current percentage o predicted adult height
so matched on maturity status rather than age
what are some of the positives that have been noted with employing biobanding
more manageable for players
don’t have to worry about other players being too strong or fast
ensures physically more mature players can’t just rely on this
increased retention of late maturing playeres
from the reading, what are some benefits of competing in youth sport
good way to increase levels of vigorous activity
develops motor skills needed for future participation
improved academic achievement
improved disease risk profile
increased engagement in health promoting behaviour
psychosocial: less depressive symptoms, increased self confidence, decreased suicidal tendancies
enhanced social skills, teamwork, communicaiton, character etc
give some negative consequences of competing in youth sport
increase injury risk
exposure to inappropriate training
inconsistant employment of safety regulations
stress to win/be elite
overly competative
too much focus on winning
anxiety caused by parental expectations
expense to family
not equal access to opportunity
