Comparative Intestines

Question 1

How many Duodenal papillae and pancreatic ducts does the horse small intestine have? What shape are they?

Answer 1

2 duodenal papillae cup shaped pancreatic duct = major duodenal papilla accessory pancreatic duct = minor duodenal papilla

Question 2

Where are peyers patches largest in horses?

Answer 2

Ileum

Question 3

Which is more muscular the jejunum or ileum ?

Answer 3

Ileum

Question 4

Where does the small intestine lie in a horse?

Answer 4

Left dorsal region of the abdomen

Question 5

which animal has a sigmoid flexure after the pylorus?

Answer 5

Cows

Question 6

how many duodenal papillae do cows/pigs have?

Answer 6

2 and 1 pancreatic duct that opens on the minor duodenal papilla

Question 7

Who’s pancreas is this?

Answer 7

Cow

Question 8

Who’s pancreas is this?

Answer 8

Horse

Question 9

Who’s pancreas is this?

Answer 9

Pig

Question 10

What side do does the jejunum and ileum occupy in a cow?

Answer 10

right side of the abdomen in the supra-omental recess

Question 11

How many duodenal papilla do sheep have?

Answer 11

1 and 1 pancreatic duct that opens onto the major duodenal papilla in conjunction with the bile duct

Question 12

who’s small intestine is roughly 25m?

Answer 12

Sheep

Question 13

what is the anulus pancreatis?

Answer 13

the pancreatic ring that the portal vein runs through in pigs and horses pancreases

Question 14

what are taenia?

Answer 14

muscularis externa = give strength to the colon to not overexpand- in conjunction with haustra’s

Question 15

what are haustra’s?

Answer 15

sacculations that form from taenia and create chambers for bacterial fermentation

Question 16

what makes up the large colon?

Answer 16

ascending and transverse colon

Question 17

what makes up the small colon?

Answer 17

descending colon

Question 18

what shape is the horses caecum?

Answer 18

comma shaped - right iliac/sublumbar region sweeping to ventral abdominal floor - caudal to xiphoid

Question 19

what part of the horses caecum is not attached?

Answer 19

the Apex: runs cranio-ventrally from base - usually so full of ingesta doesn’t move

Question 20

how many taenia does the horse caecum have?

Answer 20

4 taenia and 4 haustra (function to delay the passage of ingesta - hindgut fermentation)

Question 21

what shape is the large colon in a horse? How many Taenia/haustra?

Answer 21

Double horsehoe-shaped loop - 4 and 4

Question 22

what is the order the large colon moves in?

Answer 22

Right ventral colon 4/4 - sternal flexure - left ventral colon 4/4 - pelvic flexure (down to 1) - left dorsal colon 3/3 - diaphragmatic flexure - right dorsal colon 3/3 - transverse colon (v short) 2/2- descending colon (small colon)

Question 23

what area is most likely to be a site of impaction?

Answer 23

Pelvic flexure = very sharp and narrow, 3 out of the 4 taenia disappear

Question 24

what is colic?

Answer 24

a syndrome of abdominal pain = not a diagnosis

Question 25

what are the common sites for impaction?

Answer 25

base of caecum, pelvic flexure, terminal end of transverse colon, small colon

Question 26

whos large intestine is this?

Answer 26

Cow - no taenia or haustra - smooth sausages

Question 27

where does the caecum lie in cows?

Answer 27

opposite to the rumen basically

Question 28

what are the three parts of the cows ascending colon?

Answer 28

1) proximal loop 2) spiral loop 3) distal loop

Question 29

which area in the colon has both centripetal coils and centrifugal coils?

Answer 29

the spiral loop - it has two of each and a central flexure

Question 30

What shape does the descending colon form on cows?

Answer 30

S-shaped near pelvic flexure

Question 31

Where is the large intestine of pigs located?

Answer 31

between kidneys - connected by mesentery to dorsal abdominal wall much wider than the small intestines

Question 32

Where is the caecum in pigs located

Answer 32

Dorsal and cranial part of left flank

Question 33

Who’s Ascending colon is this?

Answer 33

Pig - conical spiral mass mostly on the right side of the body

Question 34

what animal does this belong too?

Answer 34

Birds - small intestine = u-shaped duodenal loop on abdominal floor - 3 pancreatic ducts and 1 or 2 hepatic ducts umbilical = jejunum supraduodenal loops = ileum