Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Community Health > Community Diagnosis > Flashcards

Community Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

Family definition

A

Intergenerational social group organized and governed by social norms regarding descent and affinity, reproduction, nurturant socialization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are assumption made about the family concept

A

Dominance of men
Head ensure welfare of members

Fathers and mothers have joint responsibility for childrens maintenance

Parents support children

When children are economically able they support parents

Family members reside in same household

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Type of families

A 
Extended
Multigenerational 
Nuclear 
Single parents with children 
Reconstituted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Basic features of families

A

Intimate
Interdépendant
Stable over time
Identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anthropology view of family

A

Source and carrier of culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Social psychology view of family

A

Small groups with task to master

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clinical psychology view of family

A

Environment within which normal or abnormal behavior begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is family important in healthcare

A 
Disease genetics
Health promotion 
Disease and injury prevention 
Chronic disease management 
Health surveillance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of relation in families

A

Blood
Marriage
Adoption
Affiliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Main way of formation of Families

A

Marriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of marriage in African society

A 
Légal marriage 
Civil 
Religious
Customary
Combinations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is consensual union

A

Cohabitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Visiting union

A

Persons do not live together but marital relationship with children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cause of family dissolution

A

Divorce
Seperation
Widowhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Variations of family structure

A 
Single parent family 
Blended family 
Grandparents headed family 
Foster care family 
Adoptive family 
Unmarried couple as parent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some issues that bring community together to solve them

A

Public goods ( security,Infrastructure , Roads , Schools)

Amenities (water, electricity, services, healthcare )

Environmental issues ( noise, sanitation )
Social problems, unemployment , streetism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of membres of the community

A 
Local community individuals 
Opinion leaders
Organized groups
Religious organizations
Businesses
NGOs 
Government
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a community

A

People living together in some social organization and cohesion
Members kno each other, have interpersonal relationships and communicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Characteristics of community

A

Location

Identification ( norms, values, )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is a community completely homogeneous

A

No can differ in religion, politics, ideological affiliations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a healthy community

A

Members come together to improve community conditions health and well-being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Déterminants of healthy community

A

Income
Water
Sanitation
Social relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Characteristics of healthy community

A

Safe clean physical environment
Basic need met
Social harmony and involvement of all
Good knowled of structures in community and how they function
Participation in solving community problems
Accès to varied experiences , interactions, communication
Primary healthcare services available, accessible and affordable
Upheld cultural and social values
Diverse local economy
Sustainable and available community resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Community stakeholders definition

A

Individuals, groups, organizations, affected by issues affecting coMmunity and benefit from programmes institued for community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Why are community leaders important stakeholders

A

Have power to influence decisions in community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Type of community leaders

A

Tribal leader
Political leader
Religious leader

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Social institution definition

A

Organized body in which members participate and pool resources to promote collective wellbeing of group members
Légal Rules , norms and valued upheld by members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Community mobilization definition

A

Process of bringing together as many stakeholder as possible to raise awareness and demand programme , assist in delivery of resources and services and strengthen community participation for sustainability and self reliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Community mobilization steps

A

Bring people together
Raise people awareness
Assist in delivery of resources
Facilitate and strengthen community participation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Advantages of community mobilization

A 
Power to influence 
Sharing of resources 
Effective problem solving from different skills, experiences, background
Accountability and transparency 
Barriers or obstacles reduced
Motivation to bring change 
Awareness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Structured of community important in decision making

A

Political
Traditional
Religious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

National level of political structure

A

Ministry of local government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Regional level of political structure of community

A

Regional coordination council

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

District level of political structure of community

A

District assembly

district chief executive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Community level of political structure of community

A

Assembly

Unit committee head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Traditional structure of community

A

Chiefs , elders

Traditional council members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Religious structure of community

A

Churches, mosque

Etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Key components of community mobilization

A 
Thé Community 
Community participation 
Community ownership
Sustainability 
Dialogue of knowledge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Even with medical research And good education of the population there’s still low adherence to good health, why

A

Because of people believe system and values which affect health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Definition of culture by Robert Redfield

A

Peoples congressional understanding manifest in acts and artifacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Components of culture

A 
Environment
 behaviors 
the way things are done
 values 
attitudes 
fundamental assumption’s 
beliefs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Is culture objective or subjective

A

Subjective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What concept was created to avoid poor health outcomes due to proximate cultural factors

A

Cultural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is cultural competence

A

Awareness and understanding of the culture of people and the appropriate use of these understanding in professional setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How can clinicians demonstrate cultural competence

A

Incorporate patients and caregivers perception of health status and expectation of outcomes of healthcare delivery into management and communication

Reconcile this is perspective of the biomedical framework and that of the patients

Incorporate patient values into healthcare decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What are some question that clinicians can ask in cultural competency

A

What is the cause of this condition
what do you think this health problem is
is it serious
how do you think the course of this problem will be
what effect do you believe this condition will have on your organs
how do you think it will affect your life ,relationships ,and finances
how do you harbor any fears about this condition
what is your greatest fear about this treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Should orthodox medicine still consider cultural system as primitive an obstacle to science and evidence-based medicine

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

How does increasing wealth improve health

A

Improved health infrastructure, technology
improved nutrition
improved public health systems like sanitation ,hygiene , waste management etc.
increased lifespan
Increased trial survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Why is it important for community to participate in health decision

A

Make them more convinced about health development processes and make them more involved in the processes

Make those programmer cost effective more sustainable more effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is a communicable disease

A

This is transmit it directly from one person to another by actual contacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is a non-communicable disease

A

This is in a person with absence of infectious agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is an endemic disease

A

Disease that is present at relatively low level or with habitual presence in a given geographic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is an epidemic

A

This is that is in excess of cases in the community from what is normally expected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Can both communicable and noncommunicable disease be endemic and become epidemic

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the beings model in risk factor of disease

A 
Biological behavioral factors
environmental factors 
immunological factors 
nutritional factors 
genetic factors 
services social sexual factors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Direct route of transmission

A

Human to human through water or food

Autoinfection person to person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Intermediate host to route of transmission

A

Snails
Copepods
animals tapeworm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is a vector host

A

Insect which act as an agent of this is dissemination or inoculation or both of a parasite which causes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is a definitive host

A

Host in which adults and sexually mature forms of parasite found

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What is a Intermediate host

A

Who sandwich on the immature forms of parasites or sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Type of vector transmission

A

Biological transmission

mechanical transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is biological transmission

A

Essential part of life cycle of parasites take place in body of the vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What is mechanical transmission

A

No essential part of life cycle take place in the body of the Victor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is Infectivity

A

Proportion of exposed persons who become infected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is pathogenicity

A

Population of exposed persons would who develop clinical diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is virulence

A

Proportion of persons with clinical disease will become severely I’ll or die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Formula number of newly infected person

A

Forces infection x number of susceptible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Force of infection formula

A

Number of infectious individuals x transmission rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Prevalance compared to incidence in endemic disease

A

Prevalence equal to incidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Routes of entry of parasites in host

A 
Alimentary tract 
respiratory tract
 penetrate skin 
penetrate mucous membrane 
bites of bloodsucking insect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

How do parasite exit a host to another

A

Natural secretioN
biting insect
direct contact with skin or mucous membrane
contaminated food or drink
survival adaptation likes spore or cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is the natural history of disease

A

The way disease progresses in absence of medical or public health intervention

73
Q

Difference between symptoms and signs

A

Symptom is manifestation of disease seen by patient himself
sign is manifestation of disease that physician perceives

74
Q

What is a sub clinical disease

A

Not clinically apparent
should not become disease
very slight reaction

75
Q

What is preclinical disease

A

Not clinically apparent but destined to become clinical disease

76
Q

What is an abortive disease

A

Reaction between host and parasites not sufficient in intensity and duration so cannot be diagnosed clinically

77
Q

What is a persistence disease

A

Person feels to sheds of the infection in persist for years

78
Q

What is disease carrier

A

Harbors and disseminate causative organism

79
Q

Two types of carrier

A

Incubating carrier

convalescent carrier

80
Q

What is the latent period in disease

A

Time interval from initial infection to start of infectiousness

81
Q

What is th. Incubation period

A

Time interval from initial infection until onset of clinical disease

82
Q

Period of communicability

A

Period in which individual is infectious

83
Q

Three stages of disease

A

P pre-disease stage
latent stage
symptomatic stage

84
Q

Pre-disease stage

A

Before pathologic process begins

85
Q

Latent stage

A

No clinical symptoms but disease process started
no active multiplication of agent
Parasite in inactive state

86
Q

Symptomatic stage

A

Evident this is manifestation

87
Q

What is primary prevention

A

Prevent disease process from starting

88
Q

What is secondary prevention

A

Prevent progression to symptomatic disease

89
Q

What is tertiary prevention

A

Slow arrest or reverse progressive disease to complications or death

90
Q

What are the three classes of clinical severity of infection

A 
Class a -> Inapparent infection frequent
class B -> Clinical disease frequent ,few deaths
class c -> infections usually fatal
91
Q

What is immunity

A

Process by which body mounts defense against invading germs

ability of human body to tolerate presence of material indigenous to the body And to eliminate foreign material

92
Q

Two type of immunity

A

Active or passive

93
Q

Type of active immunity

A

Natural ( Previous infection)

Acquired - artificial vaccines etc

94
Q

Type of passive immunity

A

Natural (Trans placental antibody transfer , milk breasts)

artificial ( Antibody injection)

95
Q

What is immune tolerance

A

State of unresponsiveness to specific antigen to which person is normally responsive
Suppressed immune rxns

96
Q

Causes of immune tolerance

A

Prior contact with antigen in fetus or a newborn
Prior contact with antigen in high or low doses
exposure to radiation chemotherapy drugs or agent that impaired immune system
heritable disease of immune system
Acquired disease of immune system like HIV

97
Q

What is herd immunity

A

State of accumulation of immunity in a population where the causative agent has greater difficulty in finding a non-immune or susceptible host

98
Q

Reasons why herd immunity declines after epidemic

A

New births
deaths of immunes
Immigration of non immunes
immigration of immunes

99
Q

What are the different step in controlling diseases

A

Eliminate the reservoir either human or in animals

interrupt the transmission

Reduce the susceptibility through vaccination and chemoprophylaxis

Create a supportive environment

Input public health laws

enhance community mobilization and participation

100
Q

What is the strategies and disease control (steps)

A

identification of disease
Interruption of transmission
prevention of recurrence (safe water supply, food safety ,injection safety blood ,safety vector control ,immunization ,chemoprophylaxis )

notification
analysis
report writing
surveillance

101
Q

Measure of impact of disease

A

Morbidity
mortality
disability

102
Q

Disease that have strong epidemic potential

A

Cholera
meningitis
measles

103
Q

Peripheral and Primary level of disease control

A

Generalists who manage all disease
data surveillance
Clinical care with case management and mass drug administration
Prevention services with community mobilization ,immunization, injection safety ,advocacy ,vector control

104
Q

Disease control at the district level

A

Training ,management of supplies and equipment
technical support
Data collection and analysis from primary level
Investigate follow up outbreaks
feedback information to primary level

105
Q

Disease control at the national or central level

A 
Coordination National prevention and control activities
centralized teams 
technical guidance 
financial resources 
Analyze data from district level
sets priorities and standard
Report to who as required
106
Q

What is a community

A

Cluster of people with at least one characteristic in common

107
Q

What are some features of a community

A 
Physical environment 
education 
safety 
transportation 
politics and government 
health 
social services 
communications 
economics 
recreation
108
Q

4 determinants of health 4Hs

A

Hereditary
Habitat
Habits
Health services

109
Q

What are other determinants of health

A 
DemoGraphic 
environmental 
socioeconomic factors 
Health sources and services 
reproductive and child health 
policies 
indicators 
variables to assess health of community
110
Q

What are important information demographic of a community

A 
Population of the community 
age 
sex distribution 
religious group predominant 
marital status 
educational level
 occupation 
ethnicity 
migration
111
Q

Important factors in the environment of the community

A

Sanitation facilities ( drainage ,solid waste disposal, liquid waste disposal, pest rodent control ,food hygiene )

water facilities (water sources ,clean water ,storage ,supply ,cost ,safe usage )

housing type and condition ( ventilation ,overcrowding ,type of floor of ceiling ,mosquito netting ,measures of pollution ,vector density)

112
Q

Factor in disease pattern important in community diagnosis

A 
Most common causes of illness , death 
most frequently diagnosed disease
 special health problems 
usual health problems
 number of health facilities 
number Health personal 
sources of finances for health programs
113
Q

Socioeconomic factors in community diagnosis

A 
Socioeconomic factors 
level of unemployment 
rate of population increase 
literacy rates female 
housing conditions
 suicide and homicide rates 
Road traffic accidents
 alcohol and drug abuse
114
Q

Maternal and Child health factors in community diagnosis

A 
For children under five 
Age at first pregnancy 
number of children and birth spacing 
pregnancy and birth complications 
Antenatal and post natal attendance
 breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices
 immunization 
vitamin a supplementation 
family planning practices
 nutritional indicators
115
Q

What is community diagnosis

A

Comprehensive assessment of health status of the community in relation to eat social physical and biological environment

116
Q

How is community diagnosis a process

A

Helps in gathering and interpreting information
prioritizing needs
developing strategies
conducting and evaluating health programs

117
Q

How is community diagnoses a product

A

Produces a report

further and future intervention

118
Q

What are the goals of community diagnosis

A

Analyze health status of community
evaluate health resources, systems and services
Assess attitudes towards community health services
identify priorities
establish goals
determien course of action to improve health status

119
Q

What is our community diagnosis

A

Household survey

120
Q

What is a household survey

A

Process of collecting and analyzing data to understand general situation of individuals in the household or all households

121
Q

What are the steps in community diagnosis

A 
Exploration 
interaction with community leaders
 objectives
 planning a survey 
planning the survey and questionnaire 
training interviewers 
Pretesting
 samples for survey 
executing a survey 
analysis of the results 
writing reports 
feedback to the community 
initial Health action after community diagnosis 
analysis and interpretation of results
122
Q

Method of observation used

A

Non-participatory

123
Q

Two sources of data collection

A

Primary sources

secondary sources

124
Q

Type of primary sources of data

A

Record analysis
Observation
structured interviews

125
Q

Type of records to analyze for data collection

Any flaws ?

A

Clinical records
disease registries
notification registries

May not be complete ,may not be standardized , may be inaccurate

126
Q

What is a questionnaire

A

Set of questions to be asked from respondent in an interview with appropriate instructions indicating which answers are to be asked and in what order

127
Q

What are the advantages of using a questionnaire

A

Enable data collection from respondents
give structure to interview
provide standard means for writing down answers
helps in processing data collected faster

128
Q

How can you tell that the objectives of a researcg are good

A 
Because they are  smart 
specific 
measurable 
achievable 
realistic 
time bound
129
Q

What type of research was done in community diagnosis

A

Descriptive cross-sectional survey

130
Q

Health definition

A

Complete physical mental and social well being rather than solely absence of disease

131
Q

Education definition

A

Giving information, teaching, learning, schooling tutoring, instruction, edification

132
Q

Health education definition

A

Part of health care concerned with promoting healthy behavior
Enable people to understand their behavior and how it can affect health
Identify practices that cause, cure or prevent a health problem

133
Q

Health education goals

A

Promote development and proper use of health services
Promote immunization
Resolve problems that prevent people from making healthy choices
Prepare individuals to assume responsibility for protecting their own life and not when they are sick
Push communities to carry activities that maximize health

134
Q

What type of disease prevention is health education

A

Primary prevention

But can help support other forms of prevention

135
Q

Health education in which settings

A 
Clinic
Outpatient 
Ward
Antenatal clinic 
Postnatal clinic 
Child welfare clinic 
School clinic 
School nurse talk
Church health talks 
Work place Health talks
Patient groups
Parents groups
136
Q

Goal of communication in health education

A

Promote improvements in health by modifying human, social, and political factor that influence risky health behavior

137
Q

4 component of health education communication \

A

Message (advice, nonverbal, pictures, appeals )

Channels ( tv, radio, newspaper, leaflets…)

Receiver (Education , visual literary , media habits, culture)

Source (credibility , age, sex, culture, language )

138
Q

Stage 1 of health education communication

A

Reach intended audience

139
Q

Stage 2 of health education communication

A

Attract audiences attention through appeals techniques

140
Q

What are some appeal techniques to use when communicating about health education

A

Fear by emphasis of serious outcomes,

Humor

Logic and facts

Emotion through images

141
Q

Types of appeals

A

One sided message - Advatanges of taking action

Two sided message - benefits and disadvantages of taking action

Positive appeal - do something

Negative appeal - dont do something

142
Q

Stage 3 health education communication

A

Understanding of the message which depends on the visual and the pictorial perception of the message

143
Q

Stage 4 of health education communication

A

Promotion of change by acceptance of this change by audience

144
Q

Stage 5 of health education communication

A

Change in behavior

145
Q

What is reason why people will change attitude and belief about health after education but not their behavior

A

If during health education communication the emphasis was only the dangers and not on how to help change

146
Q

Stage 6 health education communication

A

Improvement of health based on accuracy and evidence of information given

147
Q

Healthy education methods

A

Interpersonal method
Face to face
Mass media (radio, tv, newspaper, social media )

148
Q

Techniques used in face to face health education

A

Spoken work

Non verbal communication with visual, models, pictures, written words

149
Q

Techniques used in radio for health education

A

Spoken word

150
Q

Techniques used in tv for health education

A

Spoken word
Visual format
Nvc
Written word

151
Q

Techniques used in newspaper for health education

A

Written words
Visual
Pictures

152
Q

Printed Material used in health education

A 
Leaflets
Posters
Displays
Books
Models
Flip chart
Newsletter
Magazine 
News paper article 
Advertisement
153
Q

Multimedia used in health education

A 
Slide shows 
Presentation 
Video 
DVDs
CDs
Radio
Tv
154
Q

Health education tools

A 
Talks 
Presentation 
Counseling 
Drama 
Role play
Puppetry
Simulation 
Skills training 
Demonstrations 
Celebrities
Slogans 
Song 
Case studies 
Stories 
Games 
Debates 
Quiz shows
Question and answer sessions
155
Q

What is readability of written materials

A 
Short words
Short sentences 
Short paragraphs 
Large clear font
Welll spaced text 
Subheadings
156
Q

How to calculate readability

A

Random large paragraph
Count number of words in first 2 sentences
Count number of words more than 5 letters
Divide number of words with more than 5 letters by number of words in first 2 sentences
Multiply result by sum of both prompts above

157
Q

Ranges of readability

A

8 or less is easy to understand
Near 15 means moderate understanding
Near 30 means complicate to understand

158
Q

Communication at the individual and family level

A

One to one
counseling
patient education
home visit

159
Q

Communication methods at the district level and community level

A

Group teaching
community participation
exhibitions
demonstrations

160
Q

Communication method at the national level

A

Mass media

social mobilization

161
Q

Advantages of face-to-face communication

A 
Different approaches available
 good for low literacy rate communities
 opportunity for questions from community 
targeting of population
Fast adaptation to locals
 fast behavioral change
162
Q

Disadvantages of face-to-face communication

A

Slow spread of information
require some privacy
Costly due to high human resources
Need training of workers

distortion of messages if not reinforced

163
Q

Small group and participatory learning advantages

A 
People think for themselves 
share experience 
learn from other 
problem-solving skill development 
good for people with limited education 
eliminate loneliness in issues 
active participant
164
Q

Disadvantages of participatory methods in communication

A 
More involving 
More planning 
preparation time consuming 
required skills
 and limited by obstacles group dynamics
165
Q

Role play communication advantages

A 
Try several  options and possibilities 
People more sympathetic
Communication and counseling skills
Practice an event 
Safe environment
166
Q

What is the Rogers communication theory

A

That’s even the mass media is important in providing good background information for change face-to-face communication is still required to induce health behavior change

167
Q

Diagnostic test

A

Presence or absence of a disease when subject shows signs and symptoms

168
Q

Screening test

A

Identifies asymptomatic individuals who may have disease

169
Q

Examples of screening test

A 
Pap smear
Fasting blood sugar
Blood pressure
Mammography
PSA test 
Ocular pressure 
Fasting blood cholesterol
170
Q

Validity of test

A

Ability to differentiate between people suffering from disease and those not suffering

171
Q

Sensitivity of test

A

Ability Detect those who have disease

172
Q

Specificity of test

A

Ability to detect those who do not have the disease

173
Q

Sensitivity formula

A

True positive / true positive + false negative

174
Q

Specificity formula

A

True negatives / false positive + true negative

175
Q

Positive predictive value

A

Proportion of patients who test positive who actually have disase

176
Q

Negative predictive value

A

Proportion of patient who test negative who are actually negative

177
Q

PPV formula

A

True positive / true positive + false positive

178
Q

NPV Formula

A

True negative / true negative + false negative

179
Q

Who has more impact on preductiv values , specificity or sensitivity

A

Specificity

Community Health (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions