Communication in Agricultural Extension Flashcards
Derived from the Latin word meaning ______ (common), refers to “sharing of ideas, facts, opinions, information, and understanding”; transfer or transmission of some information and understanding
from one person to another
“communis”
________ defined as a planned
transfer of farm technologies from the research system to the
farmers’ system
agricultural communication
Communication can be basically
conceptualized in terms of the S-M-C-R model.
It is a process by which a Source sends a Message to a Receiver by means of a Channel to produce a Response in accordance to the intention of the source.
- ability to project ourselves into other peoples’ personalities.
Empathy
-the process of reciprocal role- taking, the mutual performance of emphatic behaviors.
Interaction
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION
________ -serves to provide knowledge to the individuals need for guidance in their actions. It also fulfills worker’s desires for awareness of things that might affect them.
Information function
_________ make people aware of his/her obligations to the formal organization and to provide him/her with additional guidance on how to perform duties adequately.
Instructive (command) function
______ encourages the appropriate individual to perform or to exhibit a certain behavior. Messages communicated are used to convince individuals that their actions can be personally or organizationally beneficial.
Influence and persuasion
(motivational)
______ -refers to the fact that the
communication of messages/ideas, if properly
handled, should help to relate the activities of
the workers to their efforts; complement rather
than detract from each other.
Integrative function
As a process, communication is said to be (6 attributes):
-On- going
-with no beginning and no end
-Cyclic
-interdependent
-Ever-changing
-interrelated
As a process, communication is said to be:
-interdependent
-Ever-changing
-interrelated
-On- going
-with no beginning and no end
-Cyclic
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMUNICATION (4)
- Dynamic
- Systemic
- Interaction through symbols
- Meaning is personally constructed
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMUNICATION (4)
– Communication has ever-changing character
– It fluctuates constantly, is never fixed, and has no clear beginnings and endings.
- Dynamic
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMUNICATION (4)
– Communication should be recognized as a system that consists of a group of elements which interacts each other and the system as a whole.
- Systemic
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMUNICATION (4)
– Symbols should “arouse” in one’s self what it arouses in another.
– The language or symbol we select and the way in which we organize them affect how others will interpret our messages.
- Interaction through symbols
ATTRIBUTES OF COMMUNICATION (4)
– No two people construct the same meaning even if they hear or see the same thing.
Interpretation is bounded by our
experiences, thoughts, feelings, needs, expectations, self-concept, knowledge, etc.
- Meaning is personally constructed
- Sum total of an individual’s experiences which influences his/her ability to communicate
Fields of experience
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
- Source
- Message
- Channel
- Receiver
- Effect
- Feedback
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Source is the origin of the idea. It is also famously known as sender. He/she may be an individual or group though ultimately, it is an individual who will act on behalf of the group. The sender conceives the idea, prepares the message, selects the channel of distribution and decides who the receiver will be.
- Source
- Message
- Channel
- Receiver
- Effect
- Feedback
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics
________ degree to which a receiver perceives the source as similar to him or her in certain attributes such as age, sex, language, regional background, etc.
- Homophily-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics
________ receiver’s perception of the believability of the source in a particular situation.
– High or low according to the degree to which a source is considered by the receiver as believable in a given situation based on four dimensions.
- Credibility-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics-Dimensions of Credibility
________ when a source is perceived as honest, trustworthy, friendly, reliable, pleasant, warm, etc. His or her credibility is based on the ______ dimension.
a. Character-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics-Dimensions of Credibility
________ when a source is perceived as well-trained, competent, intelligent, witty, bright, etc., his/her credibility is based on the _______ dimension.
b. Competence-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics-Dimensions of Credibility
________ when a source is perceived in terms of self-confidence, poise, dignity, level-headedness, etc., his/her credibility is based on composure.
c. Composure-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Characteristics-Dimensions of Credibility
________ when a receiver rates a source in terms of being bold, aggressive, extrovert, etc.
d. Dynamism-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Refers to the content that the sender passes on to the receiver; core of communication.
Messages can consist of symbols or words.
Transformation of an idea into a message by the sender is known as encoding, and converting this message into some meaning by the receiver is known as decoding. The message should be clear so that the receiver understands it.
Message
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Message factors
_______symbols used in communicating;
both sender and receiver should
understand in order to communicate
- Code-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Message factors
_______ the idea or substance selected to express the purpose of the source for communicating.
- Content-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Message factors
_______ the manner by which the materials are arranged in order to be meaningful to the receiver.
- Treatment-
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
(2) FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
Verbal communication
Non-verbal communication
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
________ is the transmission of ideas, opinions, feelings, emotions or attitudes through the use of oral language.
Verbal communication
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
________ communication refers to the sending of messages to another person using methods or means other than the spoken language.
Non-verbal communication
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Categories of non-verbal communication (4):
Non-verbal communication
a. Physical
b. Aesthetic
c. Signs
d. Symbolic
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Categories of non-verbal communication:
___________
-personal type of communication
– includes facial expression, tone of voice, sense of touch, sense of smell, and body motions.
Non-verbal communication
a. Physical