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PT645 > Common Shoulder Problems > Flashcards

Common Shoulder Problems Flashcards

1
Q

Second highest musculoskeletal expenditure behind low back and neck pain

A

Shoulder pain

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2
Q

Most common diagnoses of shoulder pain

A

Rotator cuff and impingement

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3
Q

Red flags related to the shoulder

A 
Cancer
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
Infection
Trauma
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4
Q

Examples of cancer that can refer to the shoulder

A

Pancoast tumor
Osteosarcoma
Liver cancer

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5
Q

Examples of cardiovascular conditions that can refer to the shoulder

A

Myocardial infarction

Pulmonary embolism

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6
Q

Examples of gastrointestinal conditions that can refer to the shoulder

A

GERD
Indigestion
Hepatitis

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7
Q

Examples of infections that can refer to the shoulder

A

Osteomyelitis
Spinal abscess
Syringomyelia

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8
Q

Examples of trauma that can refer to the shoulder

A

Fracture

Dislocation

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9
Q

Competent management of shoulder disorders requires…

A

a moderate skillset in CT management, differential diagnosis, and regional interdependence

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10
Q

What pathoanatomic diagnoses fit under the subacromial pain syndrome umbrella of the level 2 pathoanatomic diagnoses?

A

Subacromial impingement
Rotator cuff tendinopathy and tears
Bicipital tendinopathy
SA bursitis, secondary instability, and SLAP

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11
Q

Level 2 Pathoanatomic Diagnoses

A

Subacromial pain syndrome
Adhesive capsulitis
Glenohumeral instability
Other

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12
Q

SAIS is characterized by…

A

compromise of structures under the acromion (biceps tendon, supraspinatus, or bursae)

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13
Q

What problems do people with intrinsic caused SAIS have?

A

Problems with components within the subacromial space

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14
Q

Description and characteristics of intrinsic caused SAIS

A

Described as an outlet problem and is often characterized by a painful arc of motion

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15
Q

What problems do patients with extrinsic caused SAIS have?

A

Problems with structures bordering the space

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16
Q

What population is typical of extrinsic caused SAIS?

A

Typically younger, less than 35 years old who participates in repetitive motions (throwers, swimmers)

17
Q

What can cause SAIS overall?

A

Glenohumeral mechanics
Scapulothoracic mechanics
Degeneration/inflammation of tendons or bursa
Acromion morphology
Postural dysfunctions
Weakness
Capsular dysfunction (laxity or tightness)

18
Q

Risk factors for SAIS

A 
Age
Muscle imbalances
Capsular tightness
Repetitive overhead activities
Structural asymmetry
Position of the humerus at rest
Impaired scapular kinematics
Trauma to shoulder/arm
19
Q

Historical factors commonly seen in those with primary SAIS

A

Pain at night
Pain with overhead activities
Complaints of stiffness

20
Q

Test-item cluster for primary SAIS

A

Hawkins-Kennedy
Painful arc Sign
Infraspinatus muscle test

21
Q

Historical factors commonly seen in those with secondary SAIS

A 
Young
History of instability
Pain with overhead activities
Hypermobility
Overhead athlete
22
Q

Objective findings commonly seen in those with secondary SAIS

A

Observation of scapular dyskinesis
Weakness of scapular stabilizers
Positive instability tests

23
Q

Rotator cuff tendinitis is more common in…

A

younger people with repetitive activity and stresses to the tendon that are quickly remedied

24
Q

Rotator cuff tendinosis is more common in…

A

Older people with long term stress to the tendon that leads to changes in the histologic structure

25
Q

Intrinsic mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy

A

Factors that directly influence tendon health

26
Q

Examples of intrinsic mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy

A

Age
Genetics
Vascular changes

27
Q

Examples of extrinsic mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy

A

Excessive loading
Underloading then suddenly exposed to load
Improper muscle function leading to loss of humeral head control
Subacromial space loss (outlet problem)
Scapular muscle deficits leading to poor scapula control
Postural deviations (unclear)

28
Q

Factors that may effect tendon healing

A

Obesity

Smoking

29
Q

Extrinsic mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy

A

Due to contact w/ structures such as coracoacromial arch

PT645 (20 decks)

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