Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology II > Common Oral Diseases Part I > Flashcards

Common Oral Diseases Part I Flashcards

1
Q

what are tori and exostoses

A

benign, reactive bony protuberances arising from the cortical plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the types of tori and exostoses

A
  • torus palatinus
  • torus mandibularis
  • exostosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

are palatal tori or mandibular tori more common

A

palatal tori

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the predeliction for palatal tori

A
  • 25% of US population
    -2:1 females
  • asians and inuits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the tx for palatal tori

A

none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the predilection for mandibular tori

A
  • 10% of US population
    -most are bilateral
  • single or multiple nodules
  • slight male gender predominance
  • asians and inuits
  • no treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the most common tumor of the oral cavity

A

traumatic irritation fibroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what type of hyperplasia is traumatic irritation fibroma

A

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

are traumatic irritation fibromas a neoplasm

A

no it is a reactive lesion rather than a true neoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a giant cell fibroma

A
  • distinct from irritation fibroma
  • may not be associated with an identifiable source of chronic irritation and occurs at younger age
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does a giant cell fibroma look like clinically and what is it commonly mistaken for

A
  • often has a papillary surface
  • clincially mistaken for papilloma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the synonyms for epulis fissuratum

A
  • inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
  • denture injury tumor
  • fibrous epulis
  • denture epulis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is epulis fissuratum

A
  • redundant fibrous tissue
  • associated with denture flange
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is another name for inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A
  • denture papillomatosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the cause of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A

poor oral hygiene combined with ill-fitting prosthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the treatment for inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A
  • surgical excision and correct prosthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

describe medication associated gingival enlargement

A
  • enlargement begins in the interdental papillae and forms pseudopockets
  • non-specific clinical appearance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

severity of medication associated gingival enlargement is related to:

A

patient susceptibility and local factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what medications are associated with gingival elargement and what percentage of each patients that take it will get it

A
  • anticonvulsants: dilantin (phenytoin) - 50%
  • calcium channel blockers: procardia (nifedipine)- 25%
  • immunosuppressants: sandimmune (cyclosporin) - 25%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the treatment options for drug related gingival enlargement

A
  • control local factors such as anti plaque agents with chlorhexidine
  • drug substitution
  • drug therapy- folic acid, metronidazole, azithromycin
  • surgical excision- gingivectomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a pyogenic granuloma

A

a reactive vascular lesion - essentially a capillary hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the predilection for pyogenic granuloma and why

A

females because of vascular effects of hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why is the name pyogenic granuloma a misnomer

A

it is unrelated to infection and it is not pyogenic and is not a true granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what type of growth is seen with pyogenic granuloma

A

rapid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where are pyogenic granulomas seen

A

gingiva is most common site but not limited to gingiva
- occurs throughout the body on any skin or mucosal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are the clinical variants of pyogenic granuloma

A
  • pyogenic granuloma
  • granuloma gravidarum
  • epulis granulomatosum
  • pulp polyp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the pregnancy tumor

A

granuloma gravidarum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is a granuloma gravidarum and what is the tx

A
  • a clinical variant of pyogenic granuloma
  • may involute without tx post partum and undergo fibrous maturation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

describe peripheral ossifying fibroma, who is affected, where it is found

A
  • reactive lesion- not a neoplasm
  • teenagers and young adults
  • occurs exclusively on the gingiva
  • fibrous hyperplasia with osseous metaplasia- may appear radiopaque
  • may recur and may move teeth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

are peripheral ossifying fibromas related to central ossifying fibroma

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

describe peripheral giant cell granuloma, who it affects, where it occurs

A
  • reactive lesion- not a neoplasm
  • older adults
  • occurs exclusively on gingiva and edentulous alveolar ridge
  • contains hemosiderin- may be bluish purple
  • may recur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are the types of human papilloma virsu

A
  • squamous papilloma
  • verruca vulgaris
  • condyloma acuminatum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

describe a squamous papilloma

A
  • solitary lesion in adult
  • pedunculated, exophytic papule
  • numerous surface projections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

describe verruca vulgaris

A
  • skin of hands in children
  • multiple clustered lesions common
  • white, verrucoid surface
  • autoinoculation of oral mucosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

describe condyloma acuminatum

A
  • venereal wart- STD
  • multiple, clustered lesions are common
  • sessile, pink exophytic mass, larger than squamous papilloma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what are the low risk subtypes of condyloma acuminatum and HPV

A

6 and 11

36
Q

what are the high risk subtypes of HPV and condyloma acuminatum

A

16 and 18

37
Q

what is the lowest virulence and infectivity to highest virulence and infectivity of the HPV types

A

squamous papilloma < verruca vulgaris < condyloma acuminatum

38
Q

what is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

intital exposure to virus in an individual without immunity

39
Q

when does primary herpetic gingivostomatitis usually occur

A

at young age after physical contact with infected individual

40
Q

what percentage of the US has antibodies to HSV

A

80%

41
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is a mostly _______ disease

A

subclinical

42
Q

describe the symptoms of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

-flu-like illness with fever, malaise, arthralgia, headache
- cervical lymphadenopathy

43
Q

what are the clinical forms of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

A
  • minor
  • major
  • herpetiform
44
Q

what systemic diseases look like aphthous like lesions

A
  • Behcet’s syndrome
  • Reiter’s syndrome
  • IBS: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s
  • malabsorption syndromes: gluten sensitive enteropathy
  • cyclic neutropenia
  • HIV/ AIDS
45
Q

what are the types of gingivitis

A
  • plaque associated gingivitis
  • necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  • medication induced gingivitis
  • allergic gingivitis
  • specific infection related gingivitis
  • dermatosis related gingivitis
46
Q

what is an example of allergic gingivitis

A

plasma cell gingivitis

47
Q

what is an example of specific infection related gingivitis

A

herpes simplex virus

48
Q

what is an example of dermatosis related gingivitis

A

desquamative gingivitis

49
Q

what systemic diseases manifest as periodontitis

A
  • DM
  • HIV
  • neutropenia
  • leukocyte dysfunction syndromes
  • papillon-lefevre syndrom
50
Q

what is neutropenia

A

decreased numbers of leukocytes

51
Q

what is hairy tongue

A
  • elongated filliform papillae
  • exogenous pigmentation may impart a brown or black appearance
52
Q

what is hairy tongue caused by

A
  • heavy smoking
  • antibiotic therapy
53
Q

what are fordyce granules and when do they appear

A
  • ectopic sebaceous glands
  • starts at puberty
54
Q

what is a leukoplakia

A

a white patch or plaque that cant be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease

55
Q

what is erythroplakia

A

a red patch or plaque that cant be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease

56
Q

what is an ulcer

A

a loss of continuity of the epithelium that penetrates to the underlying CT

57
Q

describe oral melanotic macule and what location is most common

A
  • focal increase in melanin
  • normal number of melanocytes
  • lower lip vermillion most common
58
Q

what are the clinical types of lichen planus

A
  • reticular lichen planus
  • erosive lichen planus
59
Q

describe reticular lichen planus

A
  • bilateral asymptomatic white lesions of posterior buccal mucosa - Wickham striae
  • also papules and plaques
60
Q

what are the types of geographic tongue

A
  • benign migratory glossitis
  • erythema areata migrans
  • stomatitis areata migrans
  • wandering rash of the tongue
61
Q

what is the cause of geographic tongue

A
  • unknown
  • but could be hypersensitivity to an environmental factor
62
Q

where is geographic tongue commonly seen

A

at tip and lateral border of tongue

63
Q

describe red geographic tongue

A
  • multiple erythematous zones
  • atrophy of filiform papillae
64
Q

describe white geographic tongue

A
  • elevated, yellow-white, serpiginous border
65
Q

what is the histopathology for geographic tongue

A
  • psoriasiform mucositis- resembles psoriasis
  • exocytosis of neutrophils into epithelium
  • munro microabscesses
66
Q

what are the 3 lesions that appear on the gums

A
  • pyogenic granuloma
  • peripheral ossifying granuloma
  • peripheral giant cell granuloma
67
Q

what is the histo appearance of a peripheral giant cell granuloma

A

chocolate chip cookies

68
Q

all bump on the gums tend to:

A

recur

69
Q

what surfaces do primary herpetic gingivostomatitis lesions occur

A

all types of surfaces

70
Q

what nerve complex is affected in the secondary herpes simplex infection

A

trigeminal ganglion

71
Q

where is secondary herpes seen

A

on bound down keratinized mucosa

72
Q

what cells are associated with herpes blisters

A

tzank cells

73
Q

what is the typical presentation of recurrent apthous stomatitis

A

yellow center with erythematous halo

74
Q

what is the progression of recurrent aphthous stomatitis lesion

A

erythematous macule -> ulceration -> fibrinous membrane

75
Q

what surfaces are recurrent aphthous stomatitis lesions found on

A

non-bound down mucosa or non keratinized

76
Q

describe pseudomembranous candidiasis

A

white cottage cheese like appearance
-> if wiped off it will leave an erythematous base

77
Q

what medium is used to examine candidiasis and why

A

sabauraud agar because has a low pH and gentamycin to inhibit bacterial growth

78
Q

does hyperplastic candidiasis wipe off

A

no

79
Q

where is central papillary atrophy seen and what is another name for it

A
  • AKA median rhomboid glossitis
  • in midline and dorsal surface of the tongue
80
Q

what is another name for atrophic candidiasis and what is its clinical appearance

A
  • erythematous candidiasis
  • bright red
81
Q

what is the diff dx for mucocele

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

82
Q

what is the clinical appearance of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

A

punched out interdental papilla

83
Q

where are foliate papillae and lingual tonsils found

A

on posterior lateral tongue

84
Q

what has the same histology as an oral lymphoeithelial cyst

A

brachial cleft cysts

85
Q

is actinic chelitis malignant and what causes it

A
  • considered pre malignant
  • sun damage etiology
86
Q

what can erosive lichen planus be confused for

A

disformative gingivitis

87
Q
A

Pathology II (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions