Common Lesions - part I Flashcards
nevus
“mole” - benign melanocytic lesion
a decrease in pigmentation occurs as the nevi does what?
progress from junctional to compound to intradermal
growth of nevus
junctional –> compound –> intradermal/intramucosal
ephelides
“freckles” - brown pigmentation that develops following sun exposure
ephelides is more common in who?
children and fair skinned individuals
lentigo is what type of lesion?
benign melanocytic
lentigo
macular (flat), no change in color intensity with exposure to UV light
number of lentigo increases in who with age?
in Caucasians
seborrheic keratosis
benign skin lesion with a “stuck on” appearance
what does seborrheic keratosis look like?
“dropped on candlewax”
dermatosis papulosa nigra is a variant of what?
seborrheic keratosis
dermatosis papulosa nigra occurs in what percent of the black population?
~30%
actinic keratosis is a precursor lesions for what?
cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
actinic keratosis has what type of texture?
“sandpaper” texture
tx for actinic keratosis
- surgical excision
- topical, immune-activating agents such as Aldara
- use of sun blocking agents
- limit sun exposure
telangectatic capillaries
prominent vessels
telangectatic capillaries may be an indication of what?
sun damage
when does sebaceous hyperplasia occur?
usually over 40 y.o.
where does sebaceous hyperplasia occur?
often seen on forehead
what happens when sebaceous hyperplasia achieve 1-2 mm in size?
minimal to no further growth
what is the central umbilication often seen in pts with sebaceous hyperplasia?
sebaceous duct
what is the most common cancer in humans?
basal cell carcinoma
clinical features of basal cell carcinoma
- “mask” area
- rolled borders
- umbilicated center
- telangiectasia
what is often associated with basal cell carcinoma?
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
fordyce granules
ectopic sebaceous glands
fordyce granules can be seen anywhere in the mouth but what is the most common location?
buccal mucosa
T/F: fordyce granules can appear on the lips
true
what is angular cheilitis associated with?
loss of vertical dimension
what causes angular cheilitis?
candida
some angular cheilitis may be co-infected with what?
candida and staph
tx of angular cheilitis if for external use only
can use topical application of combo antifungal/corticosteroid cream
what is the most common site for recurrent HSV-1?
vermilion border and/or adjacent skin of lips
melanotic macule
focal increase in melanin
melanotic macule can also occur as reactive melanosis in response to what?
local trauma
mucocele
focal deposition of mucous
what causes mucocele?
damage to associated minor salivary gland duct
tx of mucocele
conservative…
remove extravasated mucous and associated minor salivary glands
leukoedema
intracellular edema
where is linea alba found?
along occlusal plane
morsicatio buccarum, linguarum, labiorum
cheek, tongue, lip nibbling/chewing
what causes morsicatio buccarum, linguarum, labiorum?
shredded keratin at site(s) accessible to teeth
fibroma
benign collection of dense fibrous CT
tx of fibroma
conservative removal
what causes lichen planus?
it’s an immunologically mediated process
clinical features of lichen planus
- “striae” or lacy
2. doesn’t wipe off
lichenoid mucositis
descriptive term which could apply to several conditions
what does maxillary torus comprise of?
dense, vital lamellar bone
where can inflammatory papillary hyperplasia be found?
- under sub-optimally fitting RPD or full denture
2. high palatal vault
what might inflammatory papillary hyperplasia reflect?
constant wear
tx of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
- conservative excision
2. new denture
nicotine stomatitis
inflammed minor salivary glands of the palate with hyperkeratosis around the orifices
nicotine stomatitis is commonly seen in who?
- pipe smokers
2. long-term use of hot beverages
what causes black hairy tongue?
overgrowth of chromogenic bacteria and filiform papillae
fissured tongue
multiple grooves in tongue
fissured tongue pts often also have what?
geographic tongue
pts with geographic tongues may be sensitive to what?
spicy or acidic food when lesions are present
where does ectopic geographic tongue occur?
in locations other than dorsal or lateral tongue
foliate papilla is part of what?
Waldeyer’s ring
foliate papilla
vertical lines at posterior lateral tongue often see lymphoid tissue in that area as well
mandibular tori
vital lamellar bone
where are mandibular tori commonly seen?
lingual
amalgam tattoo
silver in amalgam stains reticulin fibers in associated CT
if you’re unsure if it’s an amalgam tattoo, what should you do?
may need to excise to rule out melanoma
parulis
intraoral opening of sinus track
what must be ruled out to dx parulis?
odontogenic source of infection
where is pericoronitis most commonly found?
in mandibular 3rd molars
what causes pericoronitis?
food, etc. gets caught b/w overlying soft tissue (operculum) and crown of partially impacted tooth
tx of pericoronitis
remove offending tooth and opposing 3rd molar
what might be done to initially tx pericoronitis?
decrease local inflammation with rinses then surgery
