Common fractures Flashcards
What is a colles fracture? demongraphics?
involves the distal radius plus or minus the distal ulna
this is the most common wrist fracture, esp in osteoporotic bones
What is the MOI for a colles fxr?
fall on an outstretched hand. distal radius is posteriorly diplaced (looks like a dinner fork, if dinner fork was facing down)
What is the tx for a colles fracture?
closed reduction, long arm cast, possible surgery
What is is the MOI of a scaphoid fracture?
snuffbox tenderness after a fall on a radially deviated outstreatched hand
What is the tx for a scaphoid fxr?
-thumb spica cast and possible surgery
What is diagnostically important about a scaphoid fxr?
-incr risk of avascular necrosis, fracture not seen on x-ray for 1-2 wks after injury
What is a fifth metacarpal neck fracture- MOI, pearls?
fracture due to punching a hard object or surface, often seen in boxers. requires closed reduction, ulnar gutter spint, possible surgery. If the patient was bitten in the area during a fight, you must do surgical exploration to rule out tendon involvement and give abx
What are signs of radial nerve injury following humerus fracture?
wrist drop or weakened thumb abduction
What is a Monteggia fracture?
dislocation of the radial head and uldnar diaphyseal fracture due to defense against blunt trauma (ie nightstick injury)
What is a Galeazzi fracture?
dislocation of the distal radial ulnar joint and radial diaphyseal fracture (diaphysis is the long part of the bone)
MURG: monteggia fracture is ulnar, galeazzi is radial
What is the treatment for a galeazzi fracture?
surgical repair and cast forearm in supination to maintain reduction of the distal radial ulnar joint
What position is the hip in following hip fracture?
remember, this is the femoral head or neck. the affected leg will be short and externally rotated
What are complications of hip fracture
death, increased risk of avascular necrosis and DVT, so pts require antiocoagulation.
What are the complications of femoral diaphysis fractures?
increased risk of fat embolism
What are complications of tibial fractures?
compartment syndrome
