COM Arts Exam

Question 1

organizing your thoughts logically

Answer 1

similarity between public speaking and conversation

Question 2

tailoring your message to the audience

Answer 2

similarity between public speaking and conversation

Question 3

telling a story for maximum impact

Answer 3

similarity between public speaking and conversation

Question 4

adapting to listener feedback (facial expressions)

Answer 4

similarity between public speaking and conversation

Question 5

_______ is more highly structured (time, anticipate)

Answer 5

public speaking

Question 6

______ requires more formal language

Answer 6

public speaking

Question 7

_______ requires a different method of delivery (clear/loud voice, posture, avoid mannerisms)

Answer 7

public speaking

Question 8

anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience

Answer 8

stage fright

Question 9

a hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress

Answer 9

adrenaline

Question 10

ex: controlled, helps energize a speaker for their presentation

Answer 10

positive nervousness

Question 11

enthusiastic feeling with an edge to it, still nervousness but you are in control of it

Answer 11

positive nervousness

Question 12

acquire speaking experience (the more you learn, the less threatening; enrolled in the class)

Answer 12

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 13

prepare (pick topic your care about)

Answer 13

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 14

think positively (self-talk)

Answer 14

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 15

use the power of visualization (mental pictures of success)

Answer 15

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 16

mental imaging in which speakers vividly picture themselves giving a successful presentation

Answer 16

visualization

Question 17

know that most nervousness isn’t visual (act cool and collected)

Answer 17

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 18

don’t expect perfection (if you mess up, act like nothing happened)

Answer 18

method that turns nervousness from negative to positive

Question 19

focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion

Answer 19

critical thinking

Question 20

speaker, message, channel, listener, feedback, interference, and situation

Answer 20

7 elements of the speech communication process

Question 21

the person who is presenting an oral message to a listener

Answer 21

speaker

Question 22

whatever a speaker communicates to someone else(nonverbal and verbal)

Answer 22

message

Question 23

the means by which a message is communicated

Answer 23

channel

Question 24

the person who receives the speaker’s message

Answer 24

listener

Question 25

the sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes. no 2 people can have exactly the same _______

Answer 25

frame of reference

Question 26

the messages, usually, nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker

Answer 26

feedback

Question 27

anything that impedes the communications of a message. can be external or internal to listeners

Answer 27

interference

Question 28

the time and place in which speech communication occurs

Answer 28

situation

Question 29

the belief that one’s own group or culture us superior to call other groups or cultures

Answer 29

ethnocentrism

Question 30

can play a positive role in creating group pride and loyalty; can also lead to prejudice and hostility toward different racial, ethnic, religious, or cultural groups

Answer 30

why speakers should avoid ethnocentrism

Question 31

does great harm to listeners and can destroy reputation

Answer 31

unethical public speaking

Question 32

the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs

Answer 32

ethics

Question 33

sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines

Answer 33

ethical decisions

Question 34

people make decisions based off of personal beliefs; there can be grey areas; good to ask ethical questions

Answer 34

ethical responsibility

Question 35

make sure your goals are ethically sound

Answer 35

guideline for ethical speaking

Question 36

be fully prepared for each speech (speech can have a huge impact)

Answer 36

guideline for ethical speaking

Question 37

be honest in what you say (blatant or subtle forms are not ok; plagiarizing is not ok)

Answer 37

guideline for ethical speaking

Question 38

avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language

Answer 38

guideline for ethical speaking

Question 39

the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups

Answer 39

name-calling

Question 40

the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution

Answer 40

Bill of Rights

Question 41

put ethical principles into practice

Answer 41

guideline for ethical speaking

Question 42

presenting another person’s language or ideas as one’s own

Answer 42

plagiarism

Question 43

stealing a speech entirely and passing it off as your own

Answer 43

global plagiarism

Question 44

stealing ideas or language from 2 or 3 sources and passing them off as one’s own

Answer 44

patchwork plagiarism

Question 45

failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people

Answer 45

incremental plagiarism

Question 46

_____ is when you copy the entire thing while ____ is when you copy a few sources

Answer 46

global plagiarism; patchwork plagiarism

Question 47

be careful when taking research notes to distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrased material, and your own comments. err on the side of caution–when in doubt, cite your source

Answer 47

how to avoid incremental plagiarism

Question 48

to restate or summarize an author’s ideas in one’s own words

Answer 48

paraphrase

Question 49

be courteous and attentive

Answer 49

guideline for ethical listening

Question 50

avoid prejudging the speaker

Answer 50

guideline for ethical listening

Question 51

maintain the free and open expression of ideas

Answer 51

guideline for ethical listening

Question 52

the vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain

Answer 52

hearing

Question 53

paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear

Answer 53

listening

Question 54

if you don’t listen well, you will not understand what you hear and may pass along your misunderstanding to others; fair to classmates; good way to improve your own speech

Answer 54

why good listening is important

Question 55

listening for pleasure or enjoyment (comedy)

Answer 55

appreciative listening

Question 56

listening to provide emotional support for a speaker (friend in distress)

Answer 56

empathic listening

Question 57

listening to understand the message of a speaker (directions for finding a friend’s house)

Answer 57

comprehensive listening

Question 58

listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it (politics)

Answer 58

critical listening

Question 59

training in listening is also training how to think

Answer 59

how listening is connected to critical thinking

Question 60

the difference between the rate at which most people talk (120-180 words a minute) and the rate at which the brain can process language (400-500 words a minute)

Answer 60

spare “brain time”

Question 61

listening too hard

Answer 61

cause of poor listening

Question 62

jumping to conclusions

Answer 62

cause of poor listening

Question 63

focusing on delivery and personal appearance

Answer 63

cause of poor listening

Question 64

take listening seriously

Answer 64

how to become a better listener

Question 65

be an active listener

Answer 65

how to become a better listener

Question 66

giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker’s point of view

Answer 66

active listening

Question 67

resist distractions (phones)

Answer 67

how to become a better listener

Question 68

don’t be diverted by appearance or delivery

Answer 68

how to become a better listener

Question 69

suspend judgement

Answer 69

how to become a better listener

Question 70

focus your listening (listen for main points; listen for evidence; listen for technique)

Answer 70

how to become a better listener

Question 71

develop note-taking skills

Answer 71

how to become a better listener

Question 72

an outline that briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form

Answer 72

key-word outline

Question 73

a speech early in the term designed to get students speaking in front of the class as soon as possible

Answer 73

ice breaker speech

Question 74

focusing your topic (1 or 2 events that make you who you are), developing your topic (be creative with organization, use description, sometimes humor)

Answer 74

2 major steps for developing introductory speech

Question 75

the opening section of a speech

Answer 75

introduction

Question 76

the main section of a speech

Answer 76

body

Question 77

a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern

Answer 77

chronological order

Question 78

a method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics

Answer 78

topical order

Question 79

the major points developed in the body of a speech

Answer 79

main points

Question 80

a word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another

Answer 80

transition

Question 81

the final section of a speech

Answer 81

conclusion

Question 82

a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes (recommended method of delivery)

Answer 82

extemporaneous speech

Question 83

rehearse the speech outlaid, don’t get discouraged, perform in front of friends/family, ask for feedback, time it

Answer 83

steps for rehearsing a speech

Question 84

be relaxed and view the room, can use some hair gestures but don’t fidget, use eye contact, use voice as expressively as in normal convos, use distressing strategies for nerves (squeeze hands together)

Answer 84

5 elements of speech delivery for 1st speech

Question 85

motions of a speaker’s hands or arms during a speech

Answer 85

gestures

Question 86

direct visual contact with the eyes of another person

Answer 86

eye contact

Question 87

the subject of a speech

Answer 87

topic

Question 88

a method of generating ideas by free association of words and thoughts

Answer 88

brainstorming

Question 89

personal inventory, clustering, internet search

Answer 89

brainstorming methods for choosing a speech

Question 90

the broad goal of a speech

Answer 90

general purpose

Question 91

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in their speech

Answer 91

specific purpose

Question 92

write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase, not as a fragment

Answer 92

5 tips for formulating purpose statement

Question 93

express your purpose as a segment, not as a question

Answer 93

5 tips for formulating purpose statement

Question 94

avoid figurative language in your purpose statement

Answer 94

5 tips for formulating purpose statement

Question 95

limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea

Answer 95

5 tips for formulating purpose statement

Question 96

make sure your purpose statement is not too vague or general

Answer 96

5 tips for formulating purpose statement

Question 97

does my purpose meet the assignment?

Answer 97

5 questions for formulating purpose statement

Question 98

can I accomplish my purpose in the time allotted?

Answer 98

5 questions for formulating purpose statement

Question 99

is the purpose relevant to my audience

Answer 99

5 questions for formulating purpose statement

Question 100

is the purpose too trivial for my audience?

Answer 100

5 questions for formulating purpose statement

Question 101

is the purpose too technical for my audience?

Answer 101

5 questions for formulating purpose statement

Question 102

a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech

Answer 102

central idea

Question 103

what a speaker wants the audience to remember after they have forgotten everything else in a speech

Answer 103

residual message

Question 104

general purpose starts with a broad topic that gets narrower at the specific purpose and narrower at the central idea

Answer 104

difference between general purpose, specific purpose, and central idea

Question 105

importance of determining the specific purpose early

Answer 105

you figure out what you hope to accomplish with your speech

Question 106

Why is it important to include the audience in the specific purpose statement?

Answer 106

the idea is to inform a group of people and keep them engaged

Question 107

to inform and to persuade

Answer 107

2 general purposes of more classroom speeches

Question 108

1)should be expressed in a full sentence, 2) should not be in the form of a question, 3) should avoid figurative language, 4) should not be vague or overly general

Answer 108

4 guidelines for the central idea

Question 109

Why is it important to draw on your own knowledge and experience in gathering materials for your speeches?

Answer 109

we often speak best about subjects with which we are familiar

Question 110

a listing of all the books, periodicals, and other sources owned by a library

Answer 110

catalogue

Question 111

librarians (expert who can locate sources or track down info)

Answer 111

5 types of library resources

Question 112

the catalogue (can search for books and see if they are checked out)

Answer 112

5 types of library resources

Question 113

a number used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves

Answer 113

call number

Question 114

a work that synthesizes a large amount of related info for easy access by researchers

Answer 114

reference work

Question 115

reference works (some electronic, saves time; encyclopedias, yearbooks, quotation books, biographical aids)

Answer 115

5 types of library resources

Question 116

a research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of magazines, journals, and newspapers

Answer 116

newspaper and periodical database

Question 117

newspaper and periodical databases (locate articles in thousands of publications)

Answer 117

5 types of library resources

Question 118

a database that catalogues articles from scholarly journals

Answer 118

academic database

Question 119

a summary of a magazine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author

Answer 119

abstract

Question 120

search engines, specialized resources (government resources, Wikipedia), and evaluating internet documents (authorship(is the author clearly identified?), sponsorship(is the organization fair-minded?), recency

Answer 120

evaluating the soundness of research materials that you find on the Internet

Question 121

an organization that, in the absence of a clearly identified author, is responsible for the content of a document on the internet

Answer 121

sponsoring organization

Question 122

an interview conducted to gather information for a speech

Answer 122

research interview

Question 123

define the purpose of the interview, decide whim to interview, arrange the interview, decide whether to record the interview, prepare your questions

Answer 123

before the interview (1st stage of the interview process)

Question 124

dress appropriately and be on time, repeat the purpose of the interview, set up recorder if needed, keep the interview on track, listen carefully, don’t overstay your welcome

Answer 124

during the interview (2nd stage of the interview process)

Question 125

review your notes as soon as possible, transcribe your notes

Answer 125

after the interview (3rd stage of the interview process)

Question 126

the longer you wait, the more problems you will encounter; gives you plenty of time to think about what you find

Answer 126

importance of starting speech research early

Question 127

a list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful info about a speech topic–keeps list of sources to use

Answer 127

preliminary bibliography

Question 128

start early, make a preliminary bibliography, take notes efficiently, think about your materials as you research

Answer 128

tips for doing research

Question 129

take plenty of notes; record notes in a consistent format; make a separate entry for each note; distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas

Answer 129

4 things you should of to take research notes efficiently

Question 130

listeners demand coherence and you gain practice in critical thinking

Answer 130

importance of speeches being organized

Question 131

putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a particular result with a particular audience

Answer 131

strategic organization

Question 132

the major points developed in the body of a speech

Answer 132

main points

Question 133

how many main points will your speech usually contain?

Answer 133

2 or 3

Question 134

chronological order (informative), spatial order (informative), casual order (persuasive and informative), problem-solution order (persuasive), topical order (used most often, can be informative or persuasive),

Answer 134

five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech

Question 135

a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern

Answer 135

spacial order

Question 136

a method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship

Answer 136

casual order

Question 137

keep main points separate, try to use the same pattern of wording for main points, balance the amount of time devoted to main points

Answer 137

3 tips for preparing main points

Question 138

the materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. the 3 major kinda of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony

Answer 138

supporting materials

Question 139

the most important thing to remember when organizing supporting materials in the body of your speech is…

Answer 139

ORGANIZE so they are directly relevant to the main points they are supposed to support.

Question 140

a word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationships among them

Answer 140

connective

Question 141

a word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another

Answer 141

transition

Question 142

a statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next

Answer 142

internal preview

Question 143

transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, signposts

Answer 143

4 kinds of speech connectives

Question 144

a statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker’s preceding points

Answer 144

internal summary

Question 145

a very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas

Answer 145

signpost

Question 146

get the attention and interest of your audience (relate the topic to the audience, state the importance of your topic, startle the audience, arouse the curiosity of the audience, question the audience, begin with a quotation, tell a story, use visual aids)

Answer 146

4 objectives of a speech introduction

Question 147

reveal the topic of your speech (good to restate; clear)

Answer 147

4 objectives of a speech introduction

Question 148

establish your credibility and goodwill (should be perceived as qualified, clear about intentions)

Answer 148

4 objectives of a speech introduction

Question 149

preview the body of the speech (audience is not left guessing; smooth lead-in to the body of the speech)

Answer 149

4 objectives of a speech introduction

Question 150

the audience’s perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind

Answer 150

goodwill

Question 151

a statement in the intro of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body

Answer 151

preview statement

Question 152

1. keep brief
2. look for possible introductory materials
3. be creative
4. don’t worry about exact wording
5. work out in detail
6. don’t start talking too soon

Answer 152

6 tips for intro

Question 153

to let the audience know you are ending the speech and to reinforce the audience’s understanding of the central idea

Answer 153

major functions of a speech conclusion

Question 154

a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity

Answer 154

crescendo ending

Question 155

crescendo ending and dissolve ending

Answer 155

signal the end of the speech (conclusion)

Question 156

a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

Answer 156

dissolve ending

Question 157

summarize your speech, end with a quotation, make a dramatic statement, refer to the intro

Answer 157

reinforce the central idea

Question 158

1. keep an eye out for possible concluding materials as you research
2. end with a bang
3. not too long
4. don’t leave anything to chance, be detailed

Answer 158

4 tips for conclusion

Question 159

a detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation that includes the title, specific purpose, central idea, intro, main points, subpoenas, connectives, conclusion, and bibliography of a speech

Answer 159

preparation outline

Question 160

state the specific purpose of your speech; identify the central idea; label the into, body, and conclusion; use a consistent pattern of symbolization and indentation; statesman points and subpoenas in full sentences; label transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews; attach a bibliography; give your speech a title

Answer 160

guidelines for the preparation outline

Question 161

the pattern of symbolism and indentation in a speech outline that shows the relationships among the speaker’s ideas

Answer 161

visual framework

Question 162

a brief outline used to job a speaker’s memory during the presentation of a speech

Answer 162

speaking outline

Question 163

follow the visual framework used in the preparation outline, make sure the outline is legible, keep the outline as brief as possible, give yourself cues for delivering the speech

Answer 163

guidelines for speaking outline

Question 164

directions in a speaking outline to help a speaker remember how they want to deliver key parts of the speech

Answer 164

delivery cues

Question 165

communication based on a person’s use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

Answer 165

nonverbal communication

Question 166

directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication

Answer 166

elements of good speech delivery

Question 167

a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

Answer 167

manuscript speech

Question 168

reading from a manuscript (works for some; feels like you’re reading to them), reciting from memory (must still focus on audience; hard), speaking impromptu (stay calm; focus on audience), speaking extemporaneously (have outline/notes; prepared)

Answer 168

4 methods of speech delivery

Question 169

a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

Answer 169

impromptu speech

Question 170

a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

Answer 170

extemporaneous speech

Question 171

presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

Answer 171

conversational quality

Question 172

the loudness of softness of the speaker’s voice

Answer 172

volume

Question 173

the highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice

Answer 173

pitch

Question 174

changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker’s voice

Answer 174

inflections

Question 175

a constant pitch or tone of voice

Answer 175

monotone

Question 176

the speed at which a person speaks

Answer 176

rate

Question 177

a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech

Answer 177

pause

Question 178

a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as “uh”

Answer 178

vocalized pause

Question 179

changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness

Answer 179

vocal variety

Question 180

a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocab

Answer 180

dialect

Question 181

why nonverbal communication is important

Answer 181

affect the way the listeners respond to a speaker

Question 182

personal appearance, movement, gestures, eye contact

Answer 182

4 major aspects of nonverbal communication

Question 183

the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication

Answer 183

kinesics

Question 184

1. go through preparation outline aloud
2. prepare speaking outline
3. practice speech several times only using speaking outline
4. polish and refine delivery
5. give speech a dress rehearsal under conditions as close as possible to those you will encounter on speech day

Answer 184

5 steps for practicing speech delivery

Question 185

formulate answers to possible questions, practice the delivery of your answers

Answer 185

preparing for the question-and-answer session

Question 186

approach questions with a positive attitude, listen carefully, direct answers to the entire audience, be honest and straightforward, stay on track

Answer 186

managing the question-and-answer session

Question 187

person will come across as better prepared, more credible, and more professional than a dynamic speaker who does not use them

Answer 187

visual aids

Question 188

objects and models (doll), photographs and drawings, graphs (show trends/patterns), charts (summarizing large blocks of info), videos, the speaker (own body)

Answer 188

kinds of visual aids

Question 189

a visual aid used to show statistical trends and patterns

Answer 189

graph

Question 190

a graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space

Answer 190

line graph

Question 191

a graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns

Answer 191

pie graph

Question 192

a graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons among 2 or more items

Answer 192

bar graph

Question 193

too many visuals do more harm than good; use them to enhance the presentation

Answer 193

factors you should consider when using presentation technology in a speech

Question 194

prepare well in advance, keep simple, make sure they’re large enough, use a limited amount of text, use fonts effectively, use color effectively, and use images strategically

Answer 194

guidelines for preparing visual aids

Question 195

display where listeners can see, avoid passing among the audience, display only while talking about them explain clearly and concisely, talk to audience, practice, check the room and equipment

Answer 195

guidelines for presenting visual aids

Question 196

a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding

Answer 196

informative speech

Question 197

anything that is visible, tangible, and stable in form

Answer 197

object

Question 198

speeches about objects, speeches about process, speeches about events, and speeches about concepts

Answer 198

types of informative speeches

Question 199

a systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product

Answer 199

process

Question 200

a belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like

Answer 200

concept

Question 201

audience will often be vaguely knowledgable (at best) about the details of the topic; must assume they know nothing

Answer 201

important not to overestimate what the audience knows about the topic

Question 202

don’t overestimate what the audience knows, relate the subject directly to the audience, don’t be too technical, avoid abstractions, personalize your ideas, and be creative

Answer 202

guidelines for informative speaking

Question 203

communicate even the most complex ideas clearly and simply

Answer 203

what to do to make sure the ideas don’t pass over listener’s heads

Question 204

how to relate subject directly to the audience

Answer 204

tie it in with their interests and concerns; “you”

Question 205

how to not make your speech overly technical

Answer 205

avoid technical words; make language straightforward; ideas easy to grasp

Question 206

description, comparisons, contrast

Answer 206

ways to avoid abstractions

Question 207

to present one’s ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience

Answer 207

personalize

Question 208

the three criteria for judging the reliability of research documents located on the Internet are authorship, sponsorship, and

Answer 208

recency