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History > Cold War Part2 > Flashcards

Cold War Part2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What did the airlift make the US look

A

peaceful and generous

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2
Q

What did Stalin do by 1948

A

tried to starve western berlin into surrender to make it part of the soviets control

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3
Q

What did Stalin do to block transport from west germany into west berlin

A

Berlin blockade

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4
Q

What triggered the Berlin Blockade

A

when the british and US merged there zones to create “Bizonia” and then West Germany when the French also merged their zone

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5
Q

What did the Western Powers do to avoid surrendering to the Soviets

A

Berlin Airlift

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6
Q

How many planes and tonnes of supplies were sent every day

A

nearly 300,000 planes and about 4000tonnes

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7
Q

When did Stalin call of the Blockade

A

May 1949

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8
Q

What 2 countries were created because of the Berlin Blockade

A

West Germany (the FRG) and East Germany (the GDR)

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9
Q

When was the formation of NATO created

A

1949

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10
Q

What is NATO

A

a western military alliance with the US committed to defending Western Europe from Soviet attack

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11
Q

When was the Warsaw Pact created

A

1955

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12
Q

What is the Warsaw Pact

A

a soviet controlled military alliance in Eastern Europe

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13
Q

Why did the Soviet create the Warsaw Pact

A

in response to West Germany joining NATO

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14
Q

What did the NATO alliance show about the US

A

Showed that the West were prepared to risk war rather than abandon West Berlin to communist control (keeping promise of Truman Doctrine)

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15
Q

When did the Soviet Union get their own Atomic Bomb

A

1949

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16
Q

What race were the Warsaw Pact and Nato competing in

A

an armsrace

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17
Q

When did Stalin die

A

1953

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18
Q

Who replaced Stalin when he died

A

Khrushchev

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19
Q

When was Krushchev’s secret speech

A

1956

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20
Q

What did Khrushchev say in his secret speech

A

he condemned the repression of Stalin and suggested that he wanted to relax Soviet control of Eastern Europe

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21
Q

What was the policy called when Khrushchev wanted to relax soviet control of Eastern Europe

A

destalinisation

22
Q

Why did Nagy (leader of Hungary) want to leave the Warsaw Pact and hold free elections

A

because soviet control of the economy had led to poor harvests

23
Q

When was the Hungarian Uprising

A

1956

24
Q

What did many people think the US would do about the uprising

A

to help against the communist rule

25
Q

What encouraged the Hungarian Uprising

A

US radio broadcasts on Radio Free Europe

26
Q

What did Khrushchev do and why

A

sent 200,000 soviet troops to restore order and overthrow Nagy’s government because he thought the uprising my spread to other soviet satellites states

27
Q

What does MAD stand for and what does it mean

A

Mutually Assured Destruction- the knowledge that no side could really win a nuclear war between the two military alliances

28
Q

How many Hungarians were killed

A

5000

29
Q

How many Hungarian refugees did the USA take

A

80,000

30
Q

What happened to Nagy

A

He was arrested tried and executed

31
Q

Who did Khrushchev appoint as new Hungarian leader with a more moderate form of communism

A

Kadar

32
Q

What did the UN (united nations) condemn

A

the Hungarian invasion

33
Q

Why did some countries boycott the 1956 Australian Olympics

A

in protest of Hungarian Invasion

34
Q

What did this show about the Western Powers

A

that they would not intervene to defend the freedom of people behind the iron curtain because the rust of WW3 was too close

35
Q

What was now firmly established

A

Soviets control of Eastern Europe

36
Q

How many refugees had crossed through the border to the West in 12 years

A

nearly 3 million

37
Q

When did Khrushchev issue his ultimatum that the West should leave West Berlin within six months

A

1958

38
Q

Between what years were a series of summit meetings taken place to avoid war

A

1959-61

39
Q

What was the Geneva and Camp David 1959 meeting

A

Agreement to keep talking but no solutions

40
Q

What was the Paris meeting

A

Theatrically abandoned by Khrushchev after the U2 spy plane incident

41
Q

What was the Vienna meeting

A

Khrushchev miscalculated and tried to bully the new president John.F.Kennedy and reissue his ultimatum. It backfired as Kennedy increased defence spending and got ready for war

42
Q

How did Khrushchev solve the refugee problem

A

by building the Berlin Wall (sealing the island of capitalism so it could not be “contaminate” East Germany)

43
Q

What was the wall before it became a solid two walls

A

barbed wire

44
Q

Where was the Berlin wall build

A

in east berlin

45
Q

Did the wall successfully stop the refugee problem

A

yes

46
Q

Why was the Berlin Wall terrible propaganda for communism for the next 28 years

A

anyone who tried to escape communism was shot

47
Q

What did the Western Powers do considering Khrushchevs ultimatum

A

they stayed in Berlin despite his ultimatum

48
Q

Who was greeted as a hero in West Berlin and when

A

John.F.Kennedy in 1963

49
Q

Why was he greeted as a hero

A

because he made his famous “ich bin ein Berliner” speech

50
Q

What was JFK’s speech saying

A

that he would never allow West Berlin to become communist

51
Q

When was the berlin wall built

A

1961

History (12 decks)

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