Challenges to Elizabeth at home and abroad 1569-1588

Question 1

What was the 4 plots against elizabeth called

Answer 1

Plot 1- the Northern Earls
Plot 2- The ridolfi plot
Plot 3- The Throckmorton Plot
Plot 4- The Babington Plot

Question 2

Who was the Northern Earls plot from

Answer 2

Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland

Question 3

What was the plan of Plot 1 and what was it seen as

Answer 3

to march in London to restore Mary QoS to to a Catholic throne. It was seen as a religious revolt

Question 4

What were some of the men from Plot 1 motives and why

Answer 4

financial and personal motives as they lost power and land to Elizabeth in her early years

Question 5

Who did they want Mary QoS to marry (Plot 1)

Answer 5

Duke of Norfolk

Question 6

How did the plan in Plot 1 fail

Answer 6

the spanish didn’t arrive to support the march south

Question 7

What was the furtherst they got in Plot 1

Answer 7

Celebrating Catholic Mass in Durham cathedral

Question 8

What was the plan of Plot 2

Answer 8

for Mary QoS to marry Duke of Norfolk

Question 9

Who was the foreign support in Plot 2

Answer 9

Roberto Ridolfi (Italian banker)

Question 10

How did Plot 2 fail

Answer 10

Walsingham’s spy network intervened and the Duke of Norfolk was beheaded

Question 11

When was Plot 3

Answer 11

1583

Question 12

What was the aim of Plot 3

Answer 12

to free Mary QoS

Question 13

What did Throckmorton confess under torture in Plot 3

Answer 13

there was a planned northern uprising as the trigger for a French/Spanish Invasion

Question 14

Who was executed in Plot 3

Answer 14

Throckmorton

Question 15

When was Plot 4

Answer 15

1586

Question 16

What was Mary QoS caught of being directly involved for in Plot 4

Answer 16

a plot to have Elizabeth killed

Question 17

Where was the proof found in Plot 4

Answer 17

a coded letter in a beer barrel

Question 18

Why was William Cecil sacked

Answer 18

he signed the death warrant of Mary QoS without Elizabeth’s approval

Question 19

What was the death of Mary QoS a trigger for

Answer 19

Spanish Armada invasion

Question 20

Who was crucial of preventing any of these plots achieving their aims

Answer 20

Francis Walsingham and his web of spies

Question 21

Who were employed as code breakers

Answer 21

Mathematicians and Musicians

Question 22

Where were networks of spies employed

Answer 22

in nobles houses, foreign courts etc

Question 23

How did custom officials make it difficult to land in England secretly and what did it do

Answer 23

torture, interrogations and executions. It would send fear through potential enemies within the Catholics

Question 24

What did Spain do when they found huge wealth in the New World of America

Answer 24

cut off trade from England and also created targets for English Privateers (pirates)

Question 25

What were English explorers forced to do as the British wool trade was struggling

Answer 25

find new markets in Asia and build great wealth through spices from Asia and the Spice islands

Question 26

Who was one of the most high profile pirate

Answer 26

Francis Drake

Question 27

Why were the wealthy keen to invest in these pirates

Answer 27

the massive return they could get on their money

Question 28

Who was one of the major investors in Drake’s robbing

Answer 28

Elizabeth herself

Question 29

Why did Drake anger King Phillip

Answer 29

He attacked spanish gold ships

Question 30

Why did Spain never commit to action with any of the plots against Elizabeth

Answer 30

Their main enemies were France and they preferred Elizabeth on the throne rather than Mary QoS

Question 31

How was war between England and Spain triggered by English involvements in the Netherlands

Answer 31

King Phillip was trying to put down a Protestant civil war against Catholic rule and England initially funded protestant armies fighting the Spanish then directly joined the war with the Treaty of Nonsuch of 1585

Question 32

By 1587 what seemed imminent

Answer 32

a Spanish invasion

Question 33

How did Drake delay the Spanish Armada by a year

Answer 33

he sailed right into the Spanish harbour of Cadiz in April 1587 avoiding Spanish defences and inflicted heavy damage on the invasion fleet being constructed

Question 34

What was the plan of the Spanish Armada

Answer 34

to sail 17,000 men to Calais, meet up with the Duke of Parma’s 20,000 strong army then land in Kent, march to london, overthrow Elizabeth and restore a Catholic England

Question 35

What happened when the Spanish got to Calais

Answer 35

Parma wasn’t there to meet Sidonia so they had to wait

Question 36

What did the English fireships do to the Spanish ships

Answer 36

scattered them into the North Sea

Question 37

What did the Battle of Gravelines do

Answer 37

did huge damage to the Spanish fleet (1000 sailors killed and many ships lost)

Question 38

What did this win for England suggest

Answer 38

God had been on England’s side