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Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

boycott of Moscow Olympic Games(7)

A

1980
Due to Afghanistan invasion USA & 60 other Western nations boycotted Moscow Olympic Games
Some nations e.g. Britain didn’t prevent athletes going but asked them not to
Other nations e.g. USA threatened to take passport away
USSR wanted to showcase communism (sports washing)
USA proved they still had control over world affairs
Harmed USSR

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2
Q

Boycott of LA Olympic Games (4)

A

1984
Soviet Union (15 other nations)
Boycotted LA’s Olympic Games in retaliation to West doing same
Embarass USSR

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3
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Poland (3)

A

June 1989
Solidarity legalised
Solidarity wins landslide victory Polish elections

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4
Q

Break up of warsaw pact East Germany (3)

A

Sept 1989
Lots people flee to west through Hungry & Austria
11th Sept 1989 125000 East Germans cross border

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5
Q
  1. Break up warsaw pact East Germany (2)
A

Oct 1989
Gorbachev refuses to help East German gov put down demonstrations

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6
Q
  1. Break up warsaw pact East Germany(4)
A

Nov 1989
Gov announces border between East & West Berlin will be opened
Thousands force way through crossing
Berlin wall pulled down by both sides (East & West Germany reunited in 1990)

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7
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Czechoslovakia (3)

A

Nov 1989
velvet revolution’ overthrows gov
Vaclav Havel elected (anti-communist)

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8
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Hungary (4)

A

May 1989
Gov takes down fence border between them & non-communist Austria
Promises new democratic gov
Free elections held in Oct

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9
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Romania (3)

A

Dec 1989
Demonstrations against communist gov
communist leader Ceasusesu overthrown & killed

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10
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Bulgaria (3)

A

Dec 1989
Communist leader Petar Mladenov resigns on live TV
Free elections held following year

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11
Q

Break up of warsaw pact Yugoslavia (3)

A

Dec 1990
Vote to become independent in free referendum
Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Heregonia, Kosovo, Macedonia declare independence 1990

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12
Q

Why warsaw pact break up (3)

A

Communist governments are defeated in ‘free elections’ all over Eastern Europe.
As the Eastern Bloc disintegrated the Warsaw Pact could no longer survive
Warsaw Pact officially disbanded in March and July of 1991

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13
Q

Fall of Berlin wall Reagan’s speach (3)

A

Asked girbachev take down Berlin wall
He asked this as Gorbachev may compromise
Didn’t work as Gorbachev won’t get involved with Satellite state affairs

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14
Q

Fall Berlin wall - Hungary & austria (2)

A

June 1989
Hungarian gov begins dismantling electrified fence dividing them & Austria (West Tv crews present)

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15
Q

Fall Berlin walk - german escapees (6)

A

Sept 1989
More than 13000 East German tourists escaped through Hungary to Austria
East German gov disallowed travel to Hungary letting those already there – return
Protests & demonstrations spread through East Germany
This was start ‘peaceful revolution’ late 1989
Early Nov 1989 Protests grew

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16
Q

Fall berlin wall what chain of events set up

A

Hungary prevented any East Germans crossing border & returned them – Budapest
East Germans flood Hungarian West German Embassy & refused to return

17
Q

Fall berlin wall - actual fall (5)

A

9th Nov 1989
Günter Schabowski announces regulations in conference however said regulations start immediately not next day
East & West Germans flock to wall drinking Beer & Champagne chanting “Tau auf“ (“open the gate“)
Politburo allow refugees exit directly through crossing points between East & West Germany dividing Berlin
After gate opened torn down

18
Q

Collapse berlin wall personal consequences

A

People reunited with friends & relatives not seen for almost 30 years

19
Q

Collapse Berlin wall national consequences (2)

A

Physical divide between East & West Germany no longer exist
Countries now have – work together

20
Q

International consequences collapse berlin wall (4)

A

Nov 1989 East Germans travel to west through Austria
Berlin wall symbol of cold war & division of Europe
Destruction became symbol of cold war ending
Collapse of wall showed even if Soviet govs failing Soviets weren’t going – step in

21
Q

Build up to cuban missile crisis (2)

A

Jan 1959 Communist revolutionary group led by Fidel Castro & Che Guevara toppled pro-USA gov.
Castro was – nationalist & didn’t want gov – run by USA

22
Q

Build up cuban missile crisis what eisenhower worried about (2)

A

American businesses had invested heavily Cuba (especially in sugar industry)
much Cuban land owned by America

23
Q

Build up cuban missile crisis what happen foreign land cuba (2)

A

May 1959
new Cuban government nationalised all foreign owned land – Cuba

24
Q

Build up cuban missile crisis Soviet involve (3)

A

Feb 1960

Castro made agreement with Soviet Union.

Castro had already been appointing communists to gov

Khrushchev agreed buy Cuban sugar return provide economic stability & secret clause said USSR – supply arms – Cuba

25
Q

Build up cuban missile crisis Why USA concerned

A

Pro-soviet regime 145km amay

26
Q

Build up cuban missile crisis what eisenhower do (2)

A

Reduced amount sugar USA would buy from Cuba
October banned all trade – Cuba

27
Q

Build up cban missile crisis bay of pigs (4)

A

1961 Kennedy USA president, didn’t want Soviet ally close – USA, gave support – CIA plan – launch invasion – overthrow Castro

Used 1,400 exiled Cubans, trained them & 7th April 1961 invaded

Failed due: lack military experience & lack – support, Castro found out & sent 20,000 soldiers & crushed rebellion

USA couldn’t help with airstrike - would show attack from USA however wrecked plane showed USA’s involvement – humiliated

28
Q

Buid up Cuban missile crisis bay pigs consequences (4)

A

Sept 1961 Khrushchev publicly announced that would supply arms – Cuba

Now possibility Nuclear weapons would be supplied – Cuba despite fact Khrushchev reassured Kennedy he would not.

Castro declared himself communist after invasion & asked USSR – help defend Cuba against further attacks

Looked like Americans acting like Soviets (trying – support – armed uprising – independent country against gov)

29
Q

Gorbachev foreign policy (3)

A

Improve realations with west
Met with Regan many times e.g. Geneva summit 1985
Gorbachev soft attitude soften Reagan hardline approach

30
Q

INF treaty (5)

A

1987
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
USA & USSR agree remove all medium range nuclear missiles from Europe within 3 yrs
First missiles dismantled in 1988
Milestone in USA-USSR relations as both actively reduce weapons for first time

History (10 decks)

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