Cognitivie-Perceptual Approaches

Question 1

Perception

Answer 1

Integration/interpretation of sensory impressions received from the environment into psychologically meaningful info

Question 2

Cognition

Answer 2

Ability of brain to process, store, retrieve and manipulate info. Involves skills of understanding, knowing, ability to judge/make decisions and overall environmental awareness

Question 3

Astereognosis

Answer 3

Aka tactile agnosia. Inability to recognize objects forms shapes and sizes by touch alone. Failure of tactile recognition although sensation is intact.

Question 4

Ideational Apraxia

Answer 4

Breakdown in knowledge of what is to be done/how to perform. Lack of knowledge regrading use of an object. Sensorimotor system may be intact. Tx: step by step instructions, HOH, opp for motor planning/execution

Question 5

Motor Apraxia or Ideomotor Apraxia

Answer 5

Loss of access to kinesthetic memory so that purposeful movement cannot be achieved because of ineffective motor planning although sensation, mvmt and coordination are intact. Tx: gen verb cues, decrease manipulation demands, HOH or visual cues.

Question 6

LT Memory Loss

Answer 6

Lack of storage, consolidation and retention of info that has passed thru working mem. Includes inability to retrieve this info

Question 7

ST Memory Loss

Answer 7

Lack of registration and temporary storing of info received by various sensory modalities. Includes loss of working mem

Question 8

Body Scheme D/o

Answer 8

Loss of awareness of body parts as well as the relationship of the body parts to each other and objects - includes body neglect and asomatognosia

Question 9

Spatial Relations Impairment

Answer 9

Diff relating objects to each other or to self 2nd/to a loss of spatial concepts. Tx: Use acts that challenge underlying spatial skills and that req discrim of L and R

Question 10

Asomatognosia

Answer 10

Body scheme d/o that results in diminished awareness of body structure and failure to recognize body parts as ones own

Question 11

Topographical Disorientation

Answer 11

Diff finding ones way in space 2nd/to mem dysfun or an inability to interpret sensory stim

Question 12

Unilat body neglect

Answer 12

Failure to respond to or report unilat stim present ed to the body side contralat to lesion. Tx: Provide bilat acts, guide affected side thru act & increase sensory stim to affected side

Question 13

Unilat Spacial Neglect

Answer 13

Innatten to or neglect of stim presented in extrapersonal space contralat to the lesion - can include near or far. May occur I-ly of visual deficits. Tx: provide graded scanning acts, grade from simple to complex, anchoring, usse manipulative tasks w scanning acts & use external cues

Question 14

Figure Ground Dysfun

Answer 14

Inability to distinguish foreground from background

Question 15

Anosognosia

Answer 15

Unawareness of motor deficit. May be related to lack of insight.

Question 16

Preservation

Answer 16

Continuation or repetition of a motor act (premotor) or task (prefrontal). Tx: Bring to consciousness level, redirect attn, engage in tasks that req repetitive actions

Question 17

Acalculia

Answer 17

Acquired inability to perform calculations

Question 18

Alexia vs Agraphia

Answer 18

Acquired inability to read vs write

Question 19

Anomia vs Agnosia

Answer 19

Loss of ability to name objects or retrieve names of ppl vs Loss of ability to recog objects, persons, sounds, shapes or smells where specific sense is not defective nor is there sig memory loss

Question 20

Allens Cog Level Test

Answer 20

Pops w psych d/o, ABI or dementia. Screening tool to eval cog level - leather lacing increasing in complexity. 6 levels

Question 21

Arnadottir Occ Therapy Neurobehavioral Eval (A-ONE)

Answer 21

Adult pops presenting w cog/percp deficits - admin must complete training. Structured BADL/mobility skills observation to detect dysfun. 2 scales: Fx’al I scale - 0=unable & 4=I & Neurobehavioral Impairment scale - 0= no impairment & 4= unable to perform

Question 22

AMPS

Answer 22

Pops 3yrs+ regardless of dx. Admin must complete training. Examines competence in 2-3 familiar/chosen BADLs/IADLs. Choose from list of over 80 standardized tasks. 16 motor and 20 processing skills assessed. 1=deficit & 4=competent.

Question 23

Behavioral Inattention Test

Answer 23

Pop for adults w unilat neglect. Examines presence of neglect and impact. 9 Activity based sub-tests & 6 Pen/paper subtests.

Question 24

Catherine Bergego Scale

Answer 24

Standardized checklist to detect presence and degree of unilat neglect during observation of everyday life situations. Also measures self awareness of behavioral neglect. Fx’al scale of 10 everyday task items used.

Question 25

Cognisant Neurobehavioral Cog Status Exam

Answer 25

Explores, quantifies and describes performance in central areas of brain-behavior relations. Includes level on consciousness, orientation, attn, language, constructional ability, memory, calculations and reasoning - less than 45min

Question 26

Exec Fx’al Performance Test (EFPT)

Answer 26

Assesses fx’al deficits during performance of real world tasks: cooking oatmeal, making a phone call, med mngt & paying bills. KTA is precursor

Question 27

Lowenstien OT Cog Assessment (LOTCA)

Answer 27

Pops ppl w stroke, TBI or tumor. Measures basic cog fx’s that are prereq for everyday task mngt. 20 subtests in 5 areas: orientation, visual, spatial perception, visual motor org and thinking ops. 1=low & 4=high

Question 28

Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) or Folstien Test

Answer 28

Brieft 30pt questionnaire to screen for cog impair. Commonly used to screen for dementia.

Question 29

Montreal Cog Assessment (MoCA)

Answer 29

Screening instrument for cog dysfun. Assesses: attn/concentration, exec fx’s, mem, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking calcs & orientation. Approx 10 min - tot of 30pts - 26 or above is norm

Question 30

Rivermead Behavioral Mem Test

Answer 30

Utilized for persons w mem dysfun. Indicates appropriate tx areas. Monitors mem skills thru-out rehab program. 11 categories w 9 subtests. 0-9 severe impair mem, 10-16 mod impair mem, 17-21 poor mem and 22-24=norm

Question 31

Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery

Answer 31

Pop for 16yrs+ who are experiencing visual-percpetual deficits after head injury or stroke. 16 performance tests that assess form/color constancy, object completion, figure ground, body image, inattn, and spatial awareness. Scoring bases on accuracy and time for task completion

Question 32

Remeidal/Restorative/Transfer of Training Approach

Answer 32

Focuses on restoration of components to increase skill. Deficit Specific, targets symptom causes. Emphasizes performance components. Assumptions: improves in performance will result from increased skills; cerebral cortex is malleable/can reorg & utilizes tabletop/computer activities

Question 33

Compensatory/Adaptive/Fx’al Approach

Answer 33

Involves repetitive practice. Emp on modification & intact skill training. Activity choice driven by pt. Treats symptoms not the cause. Uses techs of environmental adaptation & compensatory strategies - maybe caregiver drivemn. Tx is task specific and uses fx’al tasks.

Question 34

Info Processing Approach

Answer 34

Provides info on how the individual approaches the task. Investigates how performance will change w cueing - standardized cues given. Investigative Q’s asked.

Question 35

Dynamic Processing Approachg

Answer 35

Emp transfer of info from one situation to the next. Utilizes varying tx environments. Practice of targeted strategy w varied task situations. Emp metacog skills. Transfer of learning must be taught from one situation to next and does not happen automatically and occurs thru graded task series. Therapist uses awareness questioning

Question 36

Quadrophonic Approach

Answer 36

Based on remeidation & info processing/teaching-learning theory. Micro-perspective: eval of mngt of performance component subskills & Macro-perspective: eval of use of narratives, interview, real-life occs. Makes use of info processing, teaching/learning, neurodev & biomechanical eval theories.

Question 37

Neurofx’al Approach

Answer 37

Based on learning theory. Specifically used for individuals w acquired neurolog impairments. Focus on retaining real world skills rather than cog-percep processes. Uses overall adaptive approach but incorps some remedial approaches. Tx focused on training specific fx’al skills in true contexts.

Question 38

Cog Disabilities Model

Answer 38

Orig developed for ppl w psychosco dysfun, currently also used w ppl w neurolog dysfun/dementia. Describes cog fx on continuum of 1 (profound impairment) to 6 (norm). Once level is estab, routine tasks are presented that have been adapted. Focus placed on adaptive approaches & strengthening residual abilities.