cognitive approach to explaining depression

Question 1

what are the two main explanation

Answer 1

-Becks cognitive vulnerability
-Ellis’ ABC model

Question 2

what are negative schemas

Answer 2

-negative/pessimistic personal beliefs and expectations
-may be acquired in childhood

Question 3

What were the 3 parts of the cognitive vulnerability theory (beck)

Answer 3

-Errors in logic (faulty information processing)
-Negative self schemas
-The cognitive triad

Question 4

In what way do people with depression have errors in logic/ negative processing

Answer 4

-Negative self schemas means more likely to make logical errors in the processing of their thoughts
-leads to self-defeating thought patterns causing anxiety and depression

Question 5

what are negative automatic thoughts

Answer 5

-thoughts that someone who is experiencing depression jumps to immediately even when they may not be connected to you in any way

Question 6

negative automatic thoughts examples

Answer 6

-Arbitrary interference
-Selective abstraction
-Magnification and minimisation
-Personalisation
-Dichotomous thinking

Question 7

What is arbitrary interference

Answer 7

-forming an interpretation of a situation/event/experience when there is no factual evidence to support conclusion or conclusion contrasts evidence

Question 8

what is selective abstraction

Answer 8

-Focusing on a detail taken out of context

Question 9

what is magnification and minimisation

Answer 9

-enlarging the positive attributes of other ppl and minimising own attributes

Question 10

what is personalisation

Answer 10

belief that something is entirely ur fault and ur the one to blame even when you had nothing to do with the outcome

Question 11

what is dichotomous thinking

Answer 11

-individuals predisposition(propensity) to think in terms of binary opposition (black and white, one of two categories)

Question 12

what is the cognitive triad

Answer 12

-negative thoughts about the world, the self and the future which each feeds and links in
-helps in forming negative schemas and errors in logic

Question 13

what did Ellis propose

Answer 13

-the ABC model
-conditions like depression result from irrational thoughts (thoughts that interfere with us being happy and free from pain)

Question 14

what did Ellis argue that irrational thoughts originated from

Answer 14

-Musturbatory thinking
-e.g. must be approved or must do well
-individual becomes disappointed so leads to depression

Question 15

Parts of the ABC model

Answer 15

A= activating event (situations in which irrational thoughts are triggered by external events)
B=Beliefs (range of irrational belief such as musturbation)
C= Consequences (emotional and behavioural such as unhealthy emotions and destructive behaviour)