Coeliac disease Flashcards
1
Q
Percentage population affected
A
1%
2
Q
Risk factors for Coeliac disease (3)
A
- Family history
- Autoimmune diseases
- IgA deficiency
3
Q
Pathological findings in Coeliac disease
- Micro (2)
- Macro (2)
A
Microscopic
- Lymphocytic infiltration
- Villous atrophy
Macroscopic
- Scalloping
- Mosaic (cracked mud) pattern
4
Q
Clinical presentation of Coeliac disease
A
- Abdo pain
- Steatorrhoea
- Weight loss/failure to thrive
- Anaemia
- Fatigue
5
Q
Antibodies in Coeliac disease (3)
A
- Antiendomysial antidobies
- Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies
- Anti-gliadin antibodies
6
Q
Gold standard diagnostic test for Coeliac disease
A
Endoscopic duodenal biopsy (100% sensitivity, 61% specificity)
7
Q
Management of Coeliac disease
A
Gluten-free diet
8
Q
Complications of Coeliac disease (4)
A
- Small bowel cancer
- Ulcerative jejunitis
- Strictures
- Malnutrition (osteopenia, hyposplenism)
9
Q
Pathophysiology of Coeliac disease
A
- Prolamins (gluten proteins, especially gliadin) induce autoimmune response
- Tissue transglutaminase modifies gliadin protein structure, enhancing its ability to induce inflammation
- Inflammation, mostly mediated by T lymphocytes, causes villous atrophy and consequent malabsorption
