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Evironmental Systems for Interior Design > Codes & Life Safety > Flashcards

Codes & Life Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 categories of fire-resistant assemblies?

A

1- Fire Partitions
2-Fire Barriers
3-Fire Walls

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2
Q

Describe Fire Partitions

A

Fire partitions are the least restrictive of the 3 assemblies. They have the minimum Fire-resistance rating of 1 hour. Most commonly used to separate dwellings or sleeping units. T shape with 3’ either side of partition

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3
Q

Describe Fire Barriers

A

Fire barriers include walls and horizontal assemblies. They vary ratings between 1-4 hours. They separate occupancy classifications.
They must be continuous through concealed locations. Like the space above a suspended ceiling. Full T shape

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4
Q

Describe Fire Walls

A

The most restrictive Fire resistance rated assembly. Must be vertical and have a 2 hr minimum 4 hr maximum rating. Goes all the way through the structure. Ground in base goes all the way up

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5
Q

Code 3.3.57 is what?

A

Fire Protection Rating

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6
Q

What is code 3.3.60?

A

Fire Resistance Rating

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7
Q

What does Fire Protection mean?

A

Means confining Fire (smoke,flame and, to some degree, heat) for a period of time.

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8
Q

What is sensible heat?

A

The firm of heat energy that flows whenever there is a temperature difference, resulting in a change of temperature.

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9
Q

Which of the following best describes interior zones in buildings?
1) they retain a stable temperature
2) they are distant from equipment in the building core
3) they usually require extra heat to stay warm enough
4) they are immediately adjacent to the building envelope

A

1

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10
Q

Which of the following best describe thermal equilibrium?
1) The rate at which energy is used by human body
2) The process by which heat from the body is absorbed by air molecules
3) The set of conditions that allows human body to stay at the normal body temperature with the minimal amount of bodily regulation
4) They relate to isolated parts of buildings, rather than the whole.

A

3

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11
Q

Which of the following best describes passive building systems?
1) They seek to use fuel-mechanical systems to do the work
2) They usually employ renewable energy resources and use building form to do the work.
3) They usually use high-grade resources wherever possible.
4) They relate to isolated parts of buildings, rather than the whole.

A

2

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12
Q

When proceeding to work in an “ENERGY-EFFICIENT DESIGN” project it is incumbent on the designers to consider which aspect of the building and interior design first and foremost?

A

Passive Building Systems

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13
Q

True or False?

Thermal Bridges are those elements in a building envelope that support the convection/transfer of heat or cold from one surface to another.

A

True

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14
Q

True or False?

When seeking to achieve a high level of thermal insulation a homeowner should request that windows in their home have a high R-Value.

A

False

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15
Q

What is the most basic form of DIRECT GAIN heating for a building?

A

Windows

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16
Q

What is a Trombe wall and what is its purpose?

A

A Trombe wall: a wall consisting of a thermal mass, just inside a sheet of south facing glazing. Often 12” thick

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17
Q

True or False?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) are a potent type of greenhouse gas.

A

True

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18
Q

____________________________________ is the phenomenon in which urbanized areas experience higher temperatures than outlying areas. Structures such as buildings, roads, and other infrastructure absorb and re-emit the sun’s heat more than natural landscapes such as forests and water bodies.

A

Heat Islands

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19
Q

A _________________________________ is a space between the structural ceiling and the dropped ceiling or under a raised floor that can facilitate air circulation for heating and air conditioning systems, by providing pathways for either heated/conditioned or return airflows.

A

Plenum

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20
Q

True or False?
There MUST be an audio/visual Fire signal device located in each restroom, hallway, lobby and general assembly area

A

True

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21
Q

How high should an audio and visual Fire signal device be located ?

A

Mounted between 6’8”-7’6” AFF

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22
Q

The minimum number of fire extinguishers must be calculated on?

A

1 fire extinguisher per 3,000 sq. Ft

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23
Q

How far apart can a fire extinguisher be?

A

75’ from the furthest occupation

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24
Q

How far can a manual fire alarm be?

A

200’

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25
Q

Code 907.9.1 requires what?
Hint: it’s about an alarm

A

Visual alarms
Be provided to notify persons with hearing impairments of alarm conditions. These are white strobe lights.
Accessibility requires they be located at least 80” but no more than 96” AFF

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26
Q

Code 907.9.2 requires what?
Hint: it’s an alarm

A

Audible Alarms
To have a distinctive sound not used for any other purpose. They are loud enough to provide sound pressure level at least 15 decibels.

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27
Q

What is a Siamese connection?

A

Part of a sprinkler system
It’s a splitter in fire protection engineering is a pipe fitting that allows two or more fire hoses to be connected to a single standpipe riser at the same general location.

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28
Q

How far apart are sprinkler heads?

A

15’ apart

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29
Q

What is the spray radius of a sprinkler?

A

7’6”

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30
Q

What happens when a column is next to a sprinkler head?

A

You may have to add another sprinkler

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31
Q

What’s the minimum distance a sprinkler can be next to a wall?

A

4”

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32
Q

What are the 2 types of sprinklers?

A

Recessed( expensive) and pop down sprinklers

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33
Q

Dry pipe/ pre action sprinkles

A

Used primarily in high level data centers. Minimizes rate if accidental discharges.
Pipes are filled with pressurized air or nitrogen rather than water.

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34
Q

Standpipes & hoses

A

Internal hoses and water supply for fireman use once inside a facility

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35
Q

Fire extinguishers & cabinets (f.E.C.)

A

Low level manual fire suppression-
one required for every 3,000 sf of space or within 75’-0” travel distance.

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36
Q

What is the rate at which fire can spread?

A

15’ per second

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37
Q

Protection of life, protection of the building, continuity of operation
These are all?

A

Fire Safety Objectives

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38
Q

How high should water proofing come up a wall?

A

4”-6”

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39
Q

over ___ percent of US fire deaths occured in homes

A

85%

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40
Q

____ is a process in which moleculres of fuel are combined with molecules of oxygen

A

Oxidation

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41
Q

what are the thermal products of a fire?

A

flame and heat

42
Q

carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide
These are all considered?

A

Combustion Gases

43
Q

Fire safety codes govern what?

A

how spaces are planned and how materials are used

44
Q

____ __ ____ is a continouse and unobstructed path of travel from any point of a building to its exit or public way

A

means of egress

45
Q

What are the 3 components of an egress system?

A

Exit access, exit, exit discharge

46
Q

What floor is fire fighting equipment limited to?

A

7th

47
Q

Length of travel within a dwelling unit does not exceed?

A

75’

48
Q

Doors along a corridor must be fire rated and typically ____ tall

A

80”

49
Q

____ ____ is that portion of a means of egress that leads to an exit

A

Exit access

50
Q

____ ____ _____ is any corridor leading to an exit in a building

A

Exit access corridor

51
Q

an ___ is a pathway created by furniture, equipment, merchandise, or other obstrcutions with a maximum wall height of 69”

A

aisle

52
Q

____ _____ that provides a path to an adjacent aisle or aisle access way to be 30”

A

aisle accessway

53
Q

the ___ is the portion of means of egress that is seperated from all other spaces of a building

A

exit

54
Q

the order in which to exit is what?

A

Exit leads from the exit access to the exit discharge

55
Q

what is the fire rating on exits?

A

2 hours

56
Q

exit access and exit discharge require what fire rating?

A

1 hour

57
Q

there are over 1000 occupants how many exits do you need?

A

4 exits are required by code. the load carries down to all the floors below

58
Q

___ ______ is a fully enclosed, fire-rated corridor or hallway connecting a required exit or exit court with a public way

A

Exit passageway

59
Q

sidewalks less than ___ ft are not considered public ways

A

10’

60
Q

the safest fire stairways are?

A

smoke proof towers with stairs having direct access to outdoor air at each floor.

61
Q

____ _____ is used to establish the required number and width of exits in a building

A

Occupant Load

62
Q

Code assigns a predetermined amount of space or square feet that is required per occupant. This is called?

A

occupant load factor

63
Q

_______ protects the buildings occupants and property by confining fire, heat, smoke, and toxic gasses to the area of their origin until the fire is extinguished or burns itself out completely

A

Compartmentation

64
Q

Fire walls are also called?

A

party walls

65
Q

corridor walls have ratings of?

A

1-2 hrs

66
Q

walls that are used as exits have what rating?

A

2 hrs

67
Q

Stair enclosures are required to have ___ hr fire ratings for up to 3 stories. ___ hr ratings for 4 or more stories

A

1/2

68
Q

What are fire doors usually made of?

A

solid core wood or metal, with composite cores

69
Q

What is the maximum fire door size?

A

4’ x 10’

70
Q

push open or pull open door cannot exceed ____ lbs

A

5

71
Q

what is an alternate to wired glass?

A

cermaic glass

72
Q

____ are used in HVAC ductwork to automatically interrupt the flow of air through the duct system during an emergency

A

Fire Dampers

73
Q

___ ___ are required in combustible construction to close off large concealed spaces

A

Draft Stops

74
Q

_____ are required at through penetrations in fire and smoke barriers

A

Firestops

75
Q

What are some considerations for specifying materials?

A

ease of igntion; rates of flame spread; heat release; and smoke release; and toxicity of combustion products

76
Q

Which Class is this? A, B or C?
“includes any material classed at a flame-spread rating of less than 25 with a smoke developed rating below 450

A

Class A

77
Q

Which Class is this? A, B or C?
“includes materials with flame-spread ratings between 25 and 75, and smoke test ratings below 450

A

Class B

78
Q

Which Class is this? A, B or C?
“includes flame spreads from 76-200 and limits smoke ratings below 450

A

Class C

79
Q

Pass/Fail test used to determine heat release, smoke density, generation of toxic gasses, and weight loss when mattress is exposed to flame

A

Mattress Test

80
Q

Pass/Fail flammability test required for all carpets and certain rugs manufactured for sale in the United States

A

Methenamine Pill Test

81
Q

Measures tendency to spread a fire, and minimum energy required to sustain a flame for carpet, resilient and hardwood flooring, wall base

A

Radiant Panel Test

82
Q

For napped, tufted, or looped textiles used as coverings on walls and ceilings

A

Room Corner Test

83
Q

Test for new upholsteered furniture smolders before neither flaming or extingusihing (Cigarette Ignition Test)

A

Smolder Resistance Test

84
Q

Tests flame spread and smoke developed for interior finishes applied to walls, ceilingd

A

Steiner Tunnel Test

85
Q

Measures the amount of toxicity a material emits when it is burned

A

Toxicity Test

86
Q

Pass/Fail flame-resistance test for entire piece of furniture

A

Upholstered Seating Test

87
Q

Pass/Fail test for vertical treatments (window treatments, large wall hangings, and decorative plastic films)

A

Vertical Flame Test

88
Q

Materials will not ignite and burn when subjected to fire.
Examples: steel, iron, concrete and masonry

A

Noncombustible

89
Q

Materials will ignite and continue to burn when a flame source is removed

A

Combustible

90
Q

Both terms mean the same thing; tending to ignite easily and burn rapidly. Both are equivalent of highly combustible a less confusing term

A

Flammable and inflammable

91
Q

a product that has been tested to obtain and hourly fire rating

A

Fire-rated

92
Q

Building components or systems with specified fire resistance ratings based on fire resistance tests

A

Flame-Resistant or Fire-Resistant

93
Q

a compound that inhibits, suppresses, or delays the production of flames to prevent the spread of fire

A

Flame Retardant

94
Q

Nothing is actually fireproof or flameproof; all construction materials, components and systems have limits where they will be irreparably damaged by fre

A

Fireproof/ Flameproof

95
Q

What does PBDE stand for/ what is it?

A

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
they are used as a flame retardant in building materials, furnishings, polyurethane foams, and textiles

96
Q

What do firewalls and smoke barriers do?

A

confine smoke

97
Q

what is an alarm-initiating device do?

A

signal source that sense fire or smoke

98
Q

What are the 4 stages of a fire?

A

incipient
smoldering
flame
heat

99
Q

Water sprinkler system types:
most common, contains water, connected to water supply under pressure at all times, fast acting, most reliable type

A

Wet Pipe

100
Q

Water sprinkler system types:
pipes filled with air under pressure. when sprinkler head openedm water fills piping and flows from open sprinkler. slower operating that wet pipe. normally installed upright and only where freezing could be a problem

A

Dry Pipe

101
Q

Water sprinkler system types:
Eliminates water damage from accidental discharge of automatic sprinklers, Deluge valve holds water back until opened by fire-detection system. Water not discharged until individual sprinkler opens from heat from fire or manually. somewhat reliable

A

Pre-Action

102
Q

Water sprinkler system types:
Delivers most water in least time. Water admitted to sprinklers or spray nozzels open at all times, supplied through valve opened by automatic detection system. Extra-hazard occupancies where flammable liquids are stored, flash fire risk

A

Deluge

Evironmental Systems for Interior Design (21 decks)

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