coasts- management Flashcards
1
Q
hold the line
A
- hard engineering is used to protect stretches of coastline. used in areas where there is high land value
2
Q
managed retreat
A
- abandonig existing coastal defences in favour of allowing the sea to flood the land until it reaches higher land and forms a new coastline
- allows salt marshes to form a good form of natural coastal defence
3
Q
groynes
A
- wooden posts which stop the build up of material getting any further so the material builds up creating a beach ads: - more attractive than sea walls dis ads: - expensive (200,000 pounds) - increased erosion down drift of groyne
4
Q
gabions
A
- cages of rocks which absorb the wave energy
ads:- cheap( 11 pounds per square meter)
dis ads:- need to be maintained regularly/ unattractive
5
Q
sea wall
A
- reflects wave energy back out to sea
ads:- can combine with other features - very strong
dis ads; - expensive ( 3000 pounds per metre)
- can start to break up
- unattractive-
6
Q
breakwater
A
- stops waves hitting the coast
ads: - areas behind are protected and sand builds up there
disads: - expensive ( 2000 pounds)
7
Q
rock armour (rip rap)
A
boulders absorb the energy, protecting the cliff behind
ads: - more natural- cheaper
disads: - limited life span
- powerful waves can move boulders
8
Q
do nothing
A
- exactly what it says
9
Q
beach nourishment
A
soft engineering- boulders absorb wave energy, protecting the cliff behind
ads: - good at absorbing wave energy- looks completely natural- benefits the tourist industry- often used in combination with groynes
disads: - expensive
10
Q
revetments
A
- protect the base of the cliff
ads: - absorb wave energy
disads: need continued maintenence-