Coastal Management Flashcards
What do Coastal Defences Include?
Hard and Soft Engineering.
What is Hard Engineering?
Man-Made Structures Built to Control the Flow of the Sea and Reduce Flooding and Erosion.
What is Soft Engineering?
Schemes Set Up Using Knowledge of the Sea and its Processes to Reduce the Effects of Flooding and Erosion.
Is a Sea Wall Hard or Soft Engineering?
Hard.
Are Groynes Hard or Soft Engineering?
Hard.
Is Beach Replenishment Hard or Soft Engineering?
Soft.
Is Slope Stabilisation Hard or Soft Engineering?
Soft.
Is Strategic Realignment Hard or Soft Engineering?
Soft.
What is a Sea Wall?
A Wall Made Out of a Hard Material like Concrete that Reflects Waves Back to Sea.
What are Groynes?
Wooden or Stone Fences that are Built at Right Angles to the Coast.
What is Beach Replenishment?
Sand and Shingle From Elsewhere Added to the Upper Part of Beaches.
What is Slope Stabilisation?
Slopes are Reinforced By Inserting Concrete Nails into the Ground and Covering the Slope with Metal Netting.
What is Strategic Realignment?
Removing an Existing Defence and Allowing the Land Behind it to Flood.
Benefits of Sea Walls?
Prevents Erosion and Acts as a Barrier to Prevent Flooding.
Benefits of Groynes?
Create Wider Beaches which Slow the Waves. This Gives Greater Protection From Flooding and Erosion. They’re Fairly Cheap.
Benefits of Beach Replenishment?
Creates Wider Beaches which Slow Waves Giving Greater Protection From Flooding and Erosion.
Benefits of Slope Stabilisation?
Prevents Mass Movements By Increasing the Strength of the Slope.
Benefits of Strategic Realignment?
Over Time the Land will Become Marshland - Creating New Habitats. Flooding and Erosion are Reduced Behind the Marshland.
Costs of Sea Walls?
Creates a Strong Backwash, which Erodes Under the Wall. Sea Walls are Very Expensive to Build and to Maintain.
Costs of Groynes?
They Starve the Beaches Further Down the Coast of Sand, Making them Narrower. Narrower Beaches don’t Protect the Coast.
Costs of Beach Replenishment?
Taking Material From the Seabed can Kill Organisms. It’s Very Expensive and Has to be Repeated.
Costs of Slope Stabilisation?
It’s Very Expensive and Difficult to Install.
Costs of Strategic Realignment?
People may Disagree Over what Land is Allowed to Flood.
It doesn’t Cost Anything to Let the Coast __________ Naturally, but Infrastructure May Be _______.
Retreat…Lost…
In Order to Protect the Coast and Avoid Conflict, Management Strategies Need to Be ______________.
Sustainable.
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (_______) is an Approach that Aims to Protect the _________.
ICZM…Coast…
