Coagulation/transfusion Flashcards
What are the stages of hemostasis
1 - plt plug, 2 fibrin clot, 3 fibrinolysis
What is an antifibrinolytic drug
Aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid
What are indications for RBC transfusion
Anemia, decreased oxygen carrying capacity
What are indications for FFP transfusion
Coagulopathy, hypoproteinemia, oncotic support
What is in cryoprecipitate
VIII, vWF
What is a blood type
Antigens on RBC - species specific
What does DEA stand for
Dog erythrocyte antigen
What is the most important canine blood type
DEA 1.1
What % of the population is DEA 1.1 +
42%
What are feline blood types
A, B, AB
What breed is always A
Siamese
What are common B breeds
Devon rex, british shorthair, turkish angora, cornish rex, birman, himalayan
Cats with type ___ have very strong naturally occurring alloantibodies (likely have a severe transfusion reaction)
B
What is the lifespan of a dog RBC
100-120 days
What is the lifespan of a cat RBC
65-76 days
What is crossmatching
Major - recipient antibodies and donor rbc
Minor - donor antibodies and recipient RBC
What are indications for crossmatch
Previous transfusion
What is the most common transfusion reaction
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction
What causes FNHTR
Cytokines
Define FNHTR
Increase in temp by 1 C
What are NON-immunologic transfusion reactions
Bacterial contamination
TACO
Citrate toxicity
What is the mechanism of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
Type II hypersensitivity reaction
Define massive transfusion
Greater than blood volume in 24 hours
Greater than 50% blood volume in 3 hours
What are the recommended ratios for massive transfusion
1:1:1
What is FFP
Frozen within 8 hours of separation, less than a year
What if FP
Frozen more than 8 hours after separation; more than 1 year; thawed and refrozen
List transfusion reactions
FNHTR
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
TACO
TRALI
Anaphylaxis
Allergic reaction
What are signs consistent with bacterial contamination of a unit of blood
Color change
Gas bubbles
