CNS STIMULANTS

Question 1

formerly called attention deficit disorder (ADD), might be caused by a dysregulation of the transmitter serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Characteristic behaviours include inattentiveness, inability to concentrate, restlessness (fidgety), hyperactivity (excessive and purposeless activity), inability to complete tasks and impulsivity.

Answer 1

ADHD

Question 2

is characterized by falling asleep during normal waking activities such as driving a car or talking with someone. Sleep paralysis, the condition of muscle paralysis that is normal during sleep, usually accompanies narcolepsy and affects the voluntary muscles. The narcoleptic is unable to move and may collapse.

Answer 2

Narcolepsy

Question 3

Stimulate the release of neurotransmitters—norepinephrine and dopamine—from the brain and sympathetic nervous system (peripheral nerve terminals).

Answer 3

Amphetamines

Question 4

For narcolepsy, ADHD. Dosage should be minimal to control symptoms in ADHD.

Answer 4

Amphetamine Sulphate (Adderall)

Question 5

To correct hyperactivity caused by ADHD, increase attention span, treat fatigue, and control narcolepsy

Answer 5

Methylphenidate HCI (Ritalin)

Question 6

Amphetamines

Answer 6

Amphetamine sulphate
(Adderall)

Dextroamphetamine sulphate (Dexedrine)

Methamphetamine HCl (Desoxyn)

Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (Vyvanse)

Question 7

For narcolepsy. It does not disrupt nighttime sleep. Common side effects include headaches, nausea, diarrhea, and nervousness

Answer 7

Modafinil (Provigil)

Question 8

Amphetamine-like drugs

Answer 8

Methylphenidate HCI (Ritalin)

Modafinil (Provigil)

Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)

Atomoxetine (Strattera)

Armodafinil (Nuvigil)

Question 9

Methylphenidate hci (assessment)

Answer 9

Determine whether there is a history of heart disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, or glaucoma; in such cases, drug is usually contraindicated.

avoid caffeine

Question 10

Similar to amphetamines. Potential for abuse. Avoid taking drug during pregnancy.

Answer 10

Benzphetamine HCI (Didrex)

Question 11

To treat obesity. Can cause restlessness and insomnia. For short-term use.

Answer 11

Dextroamphetamine sulphate (Dexedrine)

Question 12

For appetite suppression by stimulating the appetite control center in the hypothalamus.
Take 1 hour before meals. For short-term use.

Answer 12

Diethylpropion HCl
(Dospan, Tenuate, Tepanil, Nosbesine)

Question 13

For long-term appetite suppression to promote weight loss in clients with a BMI of 30 or greater. Should be taken in the morning.

Answer 13

Sibutramine (Meridia)

Question 14

To treat obesity. May give with meals to avoid GI discomfort.

Answer 14

Mazindol (Mazanol, Sanorex)

Question 15

For long-term weight loss and weight maintenance by reducing fat absorption in GI tract.

Answer 15

Orlistat

Question 16

For appetite suppression

Answer 16

Phentermine HCl

Question 17

Analeptics

Answer 17

• Methylxanthines
• Respiratory Stimulants

Question 18

Used for newborns with apnea to stimulate respiration; increases heart rate and blood pressure. Given through NGT, IM, or IV

Answer 18

Methylxanthines
- Caffeine

Question 19

Restores mental alertness. Contains citrated caffeine. Brewed coffee contains 60-180 mg of caffeine per cup.

Answer 19

OTC drugs (NoDoz, Tirend), coffee

Question 20

Used for newborns with apnea to stimulate respiration. Given through NGT.

Answer 20

Theophylline

Question 21

Used for respiratory depression. It can increase blood pressure.

Answer 21

Respiratory Stimulants

Doxapram HCl
(Dopram)

Question 22

Drugs to Treat Severe Migraine Headache

Answer 22

Ergot Alkaloids

Selective Serotonin, Receptor Agonists (Triptans)

Question 23

An antimigraine drug. To prevent or abort migraine attack. Not for prolonged use

Answer 23

Ergotamine tartrate

Question 24

To prevent or abort migraine attack.

Answer 24

Dihydroergotamine mesylate (Migranal)

Question 25

To treat acute migraine attacks and cluster headaches. Promotes vasoconstriction.

Answer 25

Sumatriptan succinate (Imitrex)

Question 26

For acute migraines. Has a longer half-life, thus duration of action is longer. Causes vasoconstriction of cranial carotid arteries. Avoid if client has severe hypertension, IHD, MI.

Answer 26

Naratriptan (Amerge)

Question 27

For acute migraines. Two types of tablets: regular and melt-in-mouth. Second tablet does not need to be taken by water. Avoid if client has uncontrolled hypertension, IHD and previous MI.

Answer 27

Rizatriptan benzoate
(Maxalt, Maxalt MLT)

Question 28

For acute migraines. 65% of clients respond in 2 h. Avoid if client has uncontrolled hypertension, IHD, and previous MI.

Answer 28

Zolmitriptan (Zomig)

Question 29

To treat acute migraines.

Answer 29

Almotriptan (Axert)

Frovatriptan (Frova)

Eletriptan (Relpax)

Question 30

Anorexiants

Answer 30

Benzphetamine HCl
(Didrex)

Dextroamphetamine sulphate (Dexedrine)

Diethylpropion HCl
(Dospan, Tenuate, Tepanil, Nosbesine)

Sibutramine (Meridia)

Mazindol (Mazanol, Sanorex)

Phentermine HCl
(Fastin, Jonamin)

Orlistat