AUTONOMIC - ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS

Question 1

Drugs that block the effect of the adrenergic neurotransmitter are called adrenergic blockers, adrenergic antagonists, or sympatholytics. They act as antagonists to adrenergic agonists by blocking the alpha- and beta-receptor sites. Most adrenergic blockers block either the alpha- or the beta-receptors.

Answer 1

Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)

Question 2

Drugs that block or inhibit a response at the alpha-adrenergic receptor site are called

Answer 2

Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers

Question 3

Alpha-blocking agents are divided into two groups:

Answer 3

Selective alpha blockers – blocks alpha1

Nonselective alpha blockers – blocks alpha1 and alpha2

Question 4

decrease heart rate; a decrease in blood pressure usually follows. Some of the beta-blockers are nonselective, blocking bot beta1- and beta2-receptors. Not only does the heart rate decrease because of beta1-blocking, but bronchoconstriction also occurs. Nonselective beta-blockers should be used with extreme caution in any client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma.

Answer 4

Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

Question 5

For peripheral vascular disorder and persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn. Also for emergency hypertension.

Answer 5

Tolazoline

(Priscoline HCl)

Question 6

Management of peripheral vascular disorder and hypertensive emergency. Antidote for dopamine infiltration.

Answer 6

Phentolamine mesylate
(Rigitine)
Alpha1

Question 7

For mild to moderate hypertension and BPH. Check for orthostatic hypotension. Dizziness, headache, syncope may occur.

Answer 7

Doxazosin mesylate
(Cardura)
Alpha1

Question 8

Management of mild to moderate hypertension. May be used in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.

Answer 8

Prazosin HCl
(Minipress)
Alpha1

Question 9

For hypertension. May be used in combination with diuretic or other antihypertensive drugs. May also be used for BPH. May cause dizziness, headache, edema, orthostatic hypotension.

Answer 9

Terazosin HCl
(Hytrin)
Alpha1

Question 10

For treatment of hypertension. Can be used alone or with a thiazide diuretic. Used also for mild to moderate heart failure.

Answer 10

Carvedilol
(Coreg)

Alpha1, beta1, and beta2

Question 11

To treat mild to severe hypertension; angina pectoris; used during surgery to manage blood pressure.

Answer 11

Labetalol
(Normodyne, Trandate)
Alpha1, beta1, and beta2

Question 12

For hypertension and glaucoma. Primarily blocks beta1 adrenergic receptor; however, in large doses blocks beta2.

Answer 12

Carteolol HCl
(Cartrol)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 13

To treat mild to moderate hypertension. Clients with asthma should avoid taking the durg.

Answer 13

Penbutolol
(Levatol)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 14

Management of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hypertension, dysrhythmias, thyrotoxicosis.

Answer 14

Propranolol HCl
(Inderal)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 15

Management of hypertension and angina pectoris. Contraindicated in bronchial asthma and severe COPD because it blocks beta2 receptors

Answer 15

Nadolol
(Corgard)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 16

Management of hypertension and angina pectoris. Contraindicated in asthma, COPD, and second- and third-degree heart block.

Answer 16

Pindolol
(Visken)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 17

To treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and chronic angina pectoris.

Answer 17

Sotalol
(Betapace)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 18

Management of mild to moderate hypertension, dysrhythmias, and postmyocardial infarction. Also may be used as prophylaxis of migraine headache. For ophthalmic use to treat IOP. Use with caution for clients with asthma or COPD.

Answer 18

Timolol maleate
(Blocadren)
Beta1 and beta2

Question 19

Management of hypertension, angina pectoris, postmyocardial infarction. Bradycardia, dizziness, and gastrointestinal distress may occur.

Answer 19

Metoprolol tartrate
(Lopressor)
Beta1

Question 20

To treat hypertension, angina pectoris, and myocardial infarction.
Contraindications: Sinus bradycardia, heart block >first degree, cardiogenic shock, overt cardiac failure

Answer 20

Atenolol (Tenormin, Apo-Atenolol) Beta1-adrenergic blocker

Question 21

Treatment for mild to moderate hypertension, angina pectoris, and supraventricular dysrhythmias. Check apical pulse; do not give if <60 bpm.

Answer 21

Acebutolol HCl
(Sectral) Beta1

Question 22

For hypertension and glaucoma. Ophthalmic preparayion is used to decrease IOP.

Answer 22

Betaxolol
(Kerlone) Beta1

Question 23

For hypertension and angina pectoris. Long-acting beta-blocker. Heart rate and blood pressure may be decreased.

Answer 23

Bisoprolol fumarate
(Zebeta) Beta1

Question 24

For treatment of supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation/flutter, and hypertension
Contraindications: heart block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, uncompensated heart failure.

Answer 24

Esmolol HCl
(Brevibloc) Beta1