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PHAR 123 > CNS II > Flashcards

CNS II Flashcards

1
Q

What does serotonin do in the body with regards to platelets? (What receptor)

A

5HT1= NO Excretion = Vasodilation
5HT2 = platelet aggregation and Vasoconstriciton

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2
Q

What does serotonin do in the body with regards to the cardiovascular system?

A

Complex physiological role due to roles of different receptor types on CNS, heart, blood vessels and endothelium

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3
Q

What does serotonin do in the body with regard to the airway inflammation (What receptor

A

Reduces airway due to 5HT-2 receptor activation, modulating the immune response

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4
Q

What does serotonin do in the body with regard to the Gi Tract

A

Stimulates and modulates enteric nervous system to activate smooth muscle, using several different receptor types

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5
Q

Which biogenic amines may be dysregulated in depression and anxiety?

A

Norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine

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6
Q

What does Norepinephrine affect?

A

Energy Interests

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7
Q

What does dopamine affect?

A

Motivation/Reward

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8
Q

What does serotonin affect?

A

Appetite/Impulsive

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9
Q

What decreases Brain derived=neurotrophic factors?

A

Stress and pain

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10
Q

What is the drug reserpine? MOA

A

very old blood pressure drug, sedating and many side effects.

Prevents vesicular accumulation of serotonin.

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11
Q

Triptans (What receptor?)

A

used for migraines (ex.rizatriptan):

agonist at 5HT 1D/1B receptors to reduce pain signals and reduce vasodilation

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12
Q

MAOIs
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

A

inhibit serotonin breakdown;older class of antidepressants, not first-line now

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13
Q

SSRIs/SNRIs/tricyclics (What receptor)/MOA

A

block 5HT reuptake at the synaptic cleft

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14
Q

Buspirone (What receptor)

A

anti-depressant, partial agonist at 5HT 1A receptors (different from SSRIs!)

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15
Q

Anti psychotic drugs (What receptor)

A

many block 5HT2A/C receptors as part of their mechanism

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16
Q

Anti-emetics (What receptor)

A

block 5HT3 receptors, which happens to be a sodium ion channel

17
Q

What should you avoid when taking SSRIs?

A

Avoid with St. John’s wart and other serotonergic drugs due to risk of serotonin syndrome

18
Q

What are SNRI used for?

A

major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and as an adjunct in chronic pain

19
Q

What are SSRI used for?

A

The main therapy for: major depression, anxiety, panic attacks, OCD, PTSD

20
Q

What are Serotonin Receptor antagonists used for?

A

Useful for depression and anxiety with insomnia

21
Q

Serotonin Receptor antagonists are Less efficacious than SSRIs or SNRIs but

A

increase the antidepressant response when used in combination`

22
Q

Bupropion

A

Inhibits NET, DAT, and alters VMAT2 to increase norepinephrine and dopamine

23
Q

What is Buproprion used for?

A

Adjunctive or alternative antidepressant. Also used for smoking cessation, and potential use in ADHD but not 1st line.

24
Q

What does Bupropion not do?

A

Does NOT increase serotonin

25
Q

What are the issues with Tricyclic Antidepressants

A

Results in many side effects and lots of t1/2 variability

26
Q

Why are MAOI not used?

A

toxicity and many drug interactions (sympathomimetics, TCAs, opioids, certain foods like hard cheese and red wine which contain tyramines)

27
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

bind to GABA receptors, resulting in hyperpolarization.

Sedating and addictive effect

28
Q

What do Cholesterase drugs block?

A

The breakdown of acetylcholine at the nerve synpase making it more available

29
Q

What are the approved drugs for alzheimers treatment?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists

30
Q

What does lithium do?

A

Mood stabilizer

31
Q

What does escitalopram and mirtazapine do?

A

Sedating and may help with appetite

32
Q

What is methylphenidate?

A

stimulant

33
Q

What is Carbamazepine and levetiracetam?

A

Anticonvulsants

34
Q

What does Somatodendritic autoreceptors do?

A

Inhibit serotonin exocytosis

35
Q

Which drugs have a a high rate of interaction?

A

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

PHAR 123 (11 decks)

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