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PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 > CNS DEPRESSANTS > Flashcards

CNS DEPRESSANTS Flashcards

1
Q

Three CNS depressants groups

A

Benzodiazepines
Miscellaneous
Barbiturates

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2
Q

CNS depressants function

A

Calming effect
Dose-dependent
-A sedative can become a hypnotic if it is given in large enough doses

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3
Q

Benzodiazepines classification

A

Sedative-hypnotic
Anxiolytic (medication that relives anxiety)

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4
Q

Benzodiazepines reversal agent (antidote)

A

Flumazenil

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5
Q

Long acting benzodiazepines

A

Diazepam (valium) (IV/PO)

Indications: Anxiety, muscle relaxant, seizure, anesthesia

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6
Q

Intermediate-acting benzodiazepines

A

Lorazepam (Ativan)

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7
Q

Short acting benzodiazepines

A

Midazolam (Versed) (IV)
Alprazolam (Xanax)

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8
Q

Midazolam adverse effect

A

Amnesia

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9
Q

Midazolam indications

A

Anxiety and anesthesia

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10
Q

Miscellaneous CNS depressants function

A

Used to treat insomnia

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11
Q

Miscellaneous CNS depressants

A

Zolpidem (Ambien)
Zolpidem (Abien CR)

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12
Q

Barbiturates

A

Phenobarbital

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13
Q

Why are a handful of barbiturates only used today?

A

because of the safety and efficacy of benzodiazepines (Benzos have reversal agent)

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14
Q

Direct-acting Muscle relaxant

A

Dantrolene (Dantrium) (*helps prevent malignant hyperthermia)

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15
Q

Muscle relaxant function

A

Act to relive pain associated with skeletal muscle spasms

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16
Q

Muscle relaxant adverse effects

A

Extension of effects on CNS and skeletal muscles

17
Q

Muscle relaxants

A

Bacolfen (Lioresal)
Cytobenzaprine (Flexeril)
Dantrolene (Dantrium)

18
Q

CNs depressants: Drug interactions

A

Addictive effects
-Alcohol, antihistamines, other CNS depressants, opioids, tranquilizers
Inhibited metabolism
MAOIs will prolong effects of barbiturates
Increased metabolsim
-Reduces anticoagulant response, leading to possible clot formation

19
Q

CNS depressants: Priority nursing implications

A

Assess BP and respiratory rate
Alcohol and drug abuse
Expect drowsiness (don’t do anything that requires alertness)
What else are they taking when they come in

PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 (20 decks)

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