ANTIHISTAMINES

Question 1

Antihistamines Functions

Answer 1

-Compete with histamine for binding at unoccupied receptors
-Cannot push histamine off the receptor if already bound
-More effective in preventing histamine actions than reversing
them

Question 2

Antistaminines properties

Answer 2

Antihistaminic
Anticholonergic
Sedative

Question 3

Antihistaminic

Answer 3

Reduce capillary permeability, wheal-and-flare formation, itching

Question 4

Anticholinergic

Answer 4

Drying effect that reduces nasal, salivary, and lacrimal glad secretions (runny nose, tearing, and itching eyes)

Question 5

Sedative

Answer 5

Some antihistamines cause drowsiness

Question 6

Antihistamines indications

Answer 6

-Palliative treatment
-Nasal allergies
-Seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
-Allergic reactions
-Motion sickness
-Parkinson’s disease
-Sleep disorders
-Sneezing, runny nose

Question 7

Antihistamines adverse effects

Answer 7

-Anticholinergic (drying) effects most common
-Dry mouth
-Difficulty urinating
-Constipation
-Changes in vision
-Drowsiness
-Mild drowsiness to deep sleep

Question 8

Sedating antihistamines

Answer 8

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 9

Nonsedating antihistamines

Answer 9

Loratadine (Claritin)

Question 10

Sedating histamines function

Answer 10

-Works both peripherally and centrally
-Have anticholinergic effects, making them more effective than nonsedating drugs in some cases

Question 11

Nonsedating antihistamines

Answer 11

-Developed to eliminate unwanted adverse effects, mainly sedating
-Works peripherally to block the actions of histamine; thus, fewer CNS adverse effects
-Longer duration of action (increases compliance)