CNS Flashcards
Sulcus
Dip in brain folds
Gyrus
Hill in brain folds
Fissure
Deep sulcuses, longitudinal (separates brain hemispheres) and transverse (separates cerebrum and cerebellum, aka Sylvian fissure)
Significant sulcus/gyrus
Central sulcus- in the middle
Precentral gyrus- gyrus right before CS (primary motor cortex)
Postcentral gyrus- gyrus right after CS (primary somatosensory cortex)
Choroid plexuses
Blood vessels inside ventricles that turn blood into CSF
Arachnoid vili
Folds in subdural sinus (between dura mater layers) that turn CSF into blood.
Association, Commisural, Protection fibers
Association: connect brain areas
Commisural: connect brain hemispheres
Projection: run vertically along each hemisphere
Insula
At end of lateral sulcus
Prefrontal Cortex
Planning, logical decision making, located deep to frontal lobe
Broca’s and Wernicke’s
Broca is speech/motor function, Wernicke is speech comprehension
Meninges deepest layer
Pia mater
Meninges layer separated from pia mater by subarachnid space
Arachnoid layer
Meninges layers of dura mater
Meningeal and Periosteal layers (separated by subdural sinus)
Arachnoid vili are found in
The subdural sinuses
Which layer of dura mater is only found in brain
Periosteal layer
Thick layer of dura mater found in longitudinal fissure
Falx Cerebri
Cerebrospinal fluid purposes
buoyancy, waste removal, nutrient transfer
Pineal gland position + purpose
Forms roof of 3rd ventricle, secretes melatonin. Inferior and posterior to corpus callosum. Directly superior to corpora quadrigemina.
What does the cerebellum control?
body movement based on sensory/positioning information.
Functions of limbic system components
Amygdala (reward/punishment/learning)
Hippocampus (long term memories)
Mammillary body (sucking/eating reflex)
decussation means
crossover
contralateral processing
left/right brain hemispheres control opposite side of body
