CMB Lecture 7 Flashcards
Transcription:
Transfer of DNA info to mRNA
Translation:
NT sequence of mRNA translated into amino acid sequence of a protein.
3 steps of transcription:
Initiation, elongation, and Termination
Initiation in Transcription:
RNA polymerase binds to promoter, DNA unwinds, RNA polymerase initiates RNA synthesis.
Elongation in transcription:
RNA polymerase joins RNA nucleotide to 3’ end of RNA transcript. New RNA peels away from template strand.
Termination in transcription:
RNA polymerase detaches from DNA
5’ __ and 3’ __
5’ cap, 3 poly-A tail
Exons:
sequence which will leave the nucleus as mRNA. Coding segment will be translated into amino acid sequences.
Introns:
Non-coding regions in between exons.
During splicing:
Introns are cut out and exons are ligated together to from the mature mRNA molecule.
Spliceosome cuts the ___ releasing intron for degradation and splices the exons together. This is catalyzed by ____.
pre mRNA, catalyzed by snRNA.
In the spliceosome, the ___ pairs with bases in the pre-mRNA intron.
snRNA pairs,
Translation: _____ attach the correct amino acid to each tRNA molecule
Aminoacyl tRNA synthases
Every RNA molecule contains a ribosomal binding site at its ___ end
5’
P site:
holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain