CMB Lecture 6 Flashcards
Three types of RNA
Ribosomal, Messenger, Transfer
5’ end has the:
Phosphate group
3’ end has:
-OH of sugar
DNA nucleotide pairs:
A and T, G and C
Nitrogenous bases are bonded by:
H-bonds
DNA strands run ___ to each other.
Antiparallel.
Which forces form between N bases?
VdW forces, as they are hydrophobic. This stabilizes the structure.
Name the 3 bonds that help stabilize the 3D structure of DNA.
H-bonds, phosphodiester bonds, VdW bonds.
Chromosomes are:
DNA paced together with with proteins.
On histones:
8 clustered together, DNA warps twice around 8 histones. These are called nucleosomes.
What does the protein scaffold do in chromosomes?
A core for fibre to loop and anchor
Which nucleotide is replaced with another in RNA?
T, with U.
Where is rRNA synthesised?
In the nucleolus.
mRNA conveys information from __ to ___.
from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome. Synthesized at a fast rate, degraded rapidly and is present in relatively small amounts.
tRNA translates what?
Nucleotide sequence in mRNA to amino acids during protein synthesis.