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SALIVA > Clinical Significance of Saliva > Flashcards

Clinical Significance of Saliva Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when Saliva is absent?

A

Xerostomia

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2
Q

What are symptoms of xerostomia?

A

teeth/gum damagae, tonsillitis, mastication/swallowing problems

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3
Q

What causes Xerostomia?

A

1) Autoimmune disease e.g. Sjogrens syndrome
2) Medication
3) Cancer therapies e.g. radio/chemo therapy

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4
Q

What happens in Sjogrens syndrome?

A

parotid/sub maxillary gladn dysfunction so dry eyes

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5
Q

What happens in radiation therapy?

A

Serous acinar cells in Parotid are sensitive

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6
Q

What happens in Chemotherapy?

A

Change in salivary flow rate and composition

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7
Q

What are salivary stimulation treatments?

A
  • Chewing sugar free gum
  • Salivary sub. e.g oralube
  • Water based gels
  • Cholinergic agonists
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8
Q

What do cholinergic agonists do?

A

provide parasymp. stimulation to exocrine gland so serous secretions

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9
Q

What are Antimicrobial salivary defences?

A
  • Lysozyme
  • Immunoglobins
  • Lactoferrin
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10
Q

How does saliva protect hard tissues?

A
  • buffers
  • Fluoride
  • pellicle proteins
  • Ca/Phosphate
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11
Q

How does saliva protect soft tissues?

A

Growth factors and lactoperoxidase

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12
Q

How does saliva maintain airways?

A

Antibacterials so no microorganisms

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13
Q

How does saliva maintain speech?

A

Lubrication so no dehydrations

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14
Q

How does saliva maintain swallowing/mastication?

A

Lubrication so no abrasion

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15
Q

How does saliva maintain control of bacteria?

A

Antibacterials/Lactoferrin/Lysozyme so no infections

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16
Q

How does saliva maintain digestions

A

amylase

17
Q

How does saliva maintain oral mucosa?

A

Growth Factors/mucin film so no tissue damage

18
Q

How does saliva maintain dentition?

A

Ca/(P04)3- / F/ pellicle proteins so no caries/perio. dise

19
Q

How does saliva maintain GI tract?

A

Antibacterials

20
Q

Where does saliva derive from?

A

Major glands
Minor glands
Crevicular fluid

21
Q

What has the highest % volume of Saliva?

A

Submaxillary

22
Q

What has the lowest % volume of Saliva?

A

Sublingual `

23
Q

What are Sialogogues?

A

Salivary stimulant like NaCl/ Sucrose

24
Q

What is Salivary flow rhythm?

A

Circadian

25
Q

Where is fluoride more retained?

A

Upper sulcus

26
Q

How to sample Saliva?

A

Paper points = very specific

27
Q

Why do we need immediate analysis of saliva?

A 
Lose enzyme activity
loss of c02 
pH change
Protein denature
cell lysis

SALIVA (7 decks)

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