Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

year 1 > Clinical Physiology > Flashcards

Clinical Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What does muscle fibre contain

A

Myofibrils and sarcomere units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does sarcomere units contain

A

Actin and myosin proteins which their repeated patterns produce striations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are myosin heads?

A

Called cross bridges and contaib actinbinding and ATP- binding sites.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What surrounds numerous bundles of fascicles?

A

Perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do many fasicle bundles form

A

Muscle belly called epimysium which is the outermost layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The study of how living organism function

A

What is physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aspiring, by regulatory mechanisms, to keep the internal environment constant

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name important factors in homeostasis

A

Na, Ca, K, glucose, temp, HCO3, O2, CO2, PH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is feedback?

A

A system that adjusts activity by monitoring output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Example of negative feedback

A

Blood glucose, bP, adaptation (increase in red blood cells)

Compensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do positive feedback work

A

Respond to disturbance by changing variables away from setpoint. Increases when stimulated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Positive feedback: Virtuous or vicious cycle?

A

Vicious as it has no terminal step.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Symptoma for cytokine storm

A

Fever, swelling, redness, extreme fatigue, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

One of golgi’s is to

A

Enclose digestive enzymes into membranes to form lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which part of the nucleus contains DNA and makes ribosomes?

A

Nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Has viscera as most if their effectors

A

ANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Skeletal muscles as effectors

A

Somatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Voluntarily control from cerebral cortex, brain stem and spinal chord

A

Somatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Involuntarily control from hypothalamus, limbic.

A

Autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which neurons produce the lateral horns of the spinal chord

A

Sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which two types of receptors bind AcH

A

Nicotinic abd muscarinic (Cholinerge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Adrenergic neurons two types of receptors

A

Alpha and beta (inhibitory)

23
Q

Cluster of neuronal bodies located in the PNS

A

A ganglion

24
Q

Cluster of neuronal cell bodies located in the CNS

A

Nucleus

25
Q

Bundle of axons located in the PNS

A

Nerve

26
Q

Bundle of axons located in the CNS

A

Tract

27
Q

Name the three types of proprioceptive sensation

A

Muscle spindles
Tendon organs
Joint kinesthetic receptors

28
Q

Ruffini corpuscles in joints respond to

A

Pressure

29
Q

Pacinian corpuscles in joints respond to

A

Acceleration and deceleration

30
Q

Class of sensory fibres:

  • which groups are myelinated?
  • list serve
A
  • 1-4

- muscle, tendon, temp, pain/itch

31
Q

Sensory information travels along two main routes:

A

Posterior columnar tracts and spinothalamic tracts.

32
Q

Another word for spinothalamic is

A

Anterolateral

Itch, pain sensation, tickle

33
Q

Another word for posterior column is

A

Medial leminiscal

Proprioception, pressure, judge weight and shape

34
Q

Spinocerebellar tracts carries

A

Subconscious info about muscle and space

35
Q

Corticospinal (to limbs, direct) crosses

A

Decussation occurs in medulla or anterior tract (central)

36
Q

Important intracellular atom is

A

Potassium (K+)

37
Q

What type of ion channel is open during resting potential?

A

Potassium channels

38
Q

What maintaines the resing potential?

A

Active tp by Sodium potassiuma- ATPases

39
Q

An inflow of chlorine ions would lead to a

A

Hyperpolarisation, inside more negative and further away from actionpotential (-55mV)

40
Q

Amp (A) measures

A

Current

41
Q

Volt measures

A

The force that drives the current

42
Q

Ohm measures

A

Resistance to current

43
Q

What is the resting membrane potential dependent on?

A

Distribution og ions across the membrane

44
Q

What is special about myelinated fibres?

A

There is no hyperpolarisation occuring after action potential do no extended refractory period. Plus a lack of K+ channels which increases firing rate.
Pump only works at the nodes of Ranvier.

45
Q

Gustation (taste) uses which signaling

A

G-coupled or membrane channels

46
Q

Olfaction uses which signaling

A

cAMP which leads to opening of kation channels

47
Q

The three layers of the eye

A

Sclera, choroid and retina

48
Q

Signalingpathway leading to vision

A

Light - eye - nerve fibres - ganglion - bipolar cells - synapsis - receptor - rods and cones - pigmented cells

49
Q

Photoception is

A

Converting light energy to electrical energy

50
Q

Photoception in the dark

A

Sodium in the cell leading to depolarisation

51
Q

Gutamate is

A

Excitatory neurotransmitter

52
Q

Inotropic receptors are, while metatropic are

A

Excitatory and leads to depolarisation, metatropic opposite

53
Q

What is the Nernst potential?

A

Equilibriun point reached by ions between the inside and outside of the cell.

year 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions